Collapse of a New Living Species of Giant Clam in the Red Sea
Giant clams are among the most spectacular but also the most endangered marine invertebrates. Their large size and easy accessibility has caused overfishing and collapse of the natural stocks in many places and local extinction in some of the species [1, 2]. The diversity of giant clams is extremely...
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| Published in: | Current biology Vol. 18; no. 17; pp. 1349 - 1354 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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09-09-2008
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| Abstract | Giant clams are among the most spectacular but also the most endangered marine invertebrates. Their large size and easy accessibility has caused overfishing and collapse of the natural stocks in many places and local extinction in some of the species
[1, 2]. The diversity of giant clams is extremely low because of reliction in this Tethyan group
[3, 4]. The latest additions of living species date back almost two decades
[5–7], fixing the number of extant
Tridacna at seven species
[3]. Here, we report the discovery of a new species of giant clam:
Tridacna costata sp. nov. features characteristic shells with pronounced vertical folds, is genetically distinct, and shows an earlier and abbreviated reproduction than its Red Sea congeners. This species represents less than 1% of the present stocks but up to >80% of the fossil shells. The decline in proportion and shell size (20×) indicates overharvesting
[8] dating back to the early human occupation of the Red Sea >125,000 years ago
[9]. This earliest depletion reported so far of a shallow-water megafaunal invertebrate has important ramifications for human dispersal out of Africa
[10]. Its oversight in one of the best-investigated reef provinces
[11–13] illustrates the dearth of knowledge on marine biodiversity. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Giant clams are among the most spectacular but also the most endangered marine invertebrates. Their large size and easy accessibility has caused overfishing and collapse of the natural stocks in many places and local extinction in some of the species [1, 2]. The diversity of giant clams is extremely low because of reliction in this Tethyan group [3, 4]. The latest additions of living species date back almost two decades [5-7], fixing the number of extant Tridacna at seven species [3]. Here, we report the discovery of a new species of giant clam: Tridacna costata sp. nov. features characteristic shells with pronounced vertical folds, is genetically distinct, and shows an earlier and abbreviated reproduction than its Red Sea congeners. This species represents less than 1% of the present stocks but up to >80% of the fossil shells. The decline in proportion and shell size (20x) indicates overharvesting [8] dating back to the early human occupation of the Red Sea >125,000 years ago [9]. This earliest depletion reported so far of a shallow-water megafaunal invertebrate has important ramifications for human dispersal out of Africa [10]. Its oversight in one of the best-investigated reef provinces [11-13] illustrates the dearth of knowledge on marine biodiversity. Giant clams are among the most spectacular but also the most endangered marine invertebrates. Their large size and easy accessibility has caused overfishing and collapse of the natural stocks in many places and local extinction in some of the species [1, 2]. The diversity of giant clams is extremely low because of reliction in this Tethyan group [3, 4]. The latest additions of living species date back almost two decades [5-7], fixing the number of extant Tridacna at seven species [3]. Here, we report the discovery of a new species of giant clam: Tridacna costata sp. nov. features characteristic shells with pronounced vertical folds, is genetically distinct, and shows an earlier and abbreviated reproduction than its Red Sea congeners. This species represents less than 1% of the present stocks but up to >80% of the fossil shells. The decline in proportion and shell size (20x) indicates overharvesting [8] dating back to the early human occupation of the Red Sea >125,000 years ago [9]. This earliest depletion reported so far of a shallow-water megafaunal invertebrate has important ramifications for human dispersal out of Africa [10]. Its oversight in one of the best-investigated reef provinces [11-13] illustrates the dearth of knowledge on marine biodiversity. Giant clams are among the most spectacular but also the most endangered marine invertebrates. Their large size and easy accessibility has caused overfishing and collapse of the natural stocks in many places and local extinction in some of the species [1, 2]. The diversity of giant clams is extremely low because of reliction in this Tethyan group [3, 4]. The latest additions of living species date back almost two decades [5–7], fixing the number of extant Tridacna at seven species [3]. Here, we report the discovery of a new species of giant clam: Tridacna costata sp. nov. features characteristic shells with pronounced vertical folds, is genetically distinct, and shows an earlier and abbreviated reproduction than its Red Sea congeners. This species represents less than 1% of the present stocks but up to >80% of the fossil shells. The decline in proportion and shell size (20×) indicates overharvesting [8] dating back to the early human occupation of the Red Sea >125,000 years ago [9]. This earliest depletion reported so far of a shallow-water megafaunal invertebrate has important ramifications for human dispersal out of Africa [10]. Its oversight in one of the best-investigated reef provinces [11–13] illustrates the dearth of knowledge on marine biodiversity. Giant clams are among the most spectacular but also the most endangered marine invertebrates. Their large size and easy accessibility has caused overfishing and collapse of the natural stocks in many places and local extinction in some of the species. The diversity of giant clams is extremely low because of reliction in this Tethyan group. The latest additions of living species date back almost two decades, fixing the number of extant Tridacna at seven species. Here, we report the discovery of a new species of giant clam: Tridacna costata sp. nov. features characteristic shells with pronounced vertical folds, is genetically distinct, and shows an earlier and abbreviated reproduction than its Red Sea congeners. This species represents less than 1% of the present stocks but up to >80% of the fossil shells. The decline in proportion and shell size (20x) indicates overharvesting dating back to the early human occupation of the Red Sea >125,000 years ago. This earliest depletion reported so far of a shallow-water megafaunal invertebrate has important ramifications for human dispersal out of Africa. Its oversight in one of the best-investigated reef provinces Illustrates the dearth of knowledge on marine biodiversity. |
| Author | Al-Zibdah, Mohammad Jantzen, Carin Richter, Claudio Roa-Quiaoit, Hilly Kochzius, Marc |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Claudio surname: Richter fullname: Richter, Claudio email: crichter@awi.de organization: Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research, D-27515 Bremerhaven, Germany – sequence: 2 givenname: Hilly surname: Roa-Quiaoit fullname: Roa-Quiaoit, Hilly organization: McKeough Marine Center, Xavier University, Cagayan de Oro, 9000, Philippines – sequence: 3 givenname: Carin surname: Jantzen fullname: Jantzen, Carin organization: Center for Tropical Marine Ecology, 28359 Bremen, Germany – sequence: 4 givenname: Mohammad surname: Al-Zibdah fullname: Al-Zibdah, Mohammad organization: The University of Jordan, Yarmouk University, Marine Science Station, 77110 Aqaba, Jordan – sequence: 5 givenname: Marc surname: Kochzius fullname: Kochzius, Marc organization: Biotechnology and Molecular Genetics, FB2-UFT, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18760604$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | Giant clams are among the most spectacular but also the most endangered marine invertebrates. Their large size and easy accessibility has caused overfishing... |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals Biodiversity Bivalvia - anatomy & histology Bivalvia - classification Bivalvia - genetics Body Size Conservation of Natural Resources DNA, Ribosomal - chemistry EVO_ECOL Extinction, Biological Indian Ocean Marine Molecular Sequence Data Phylogeny Tridacna |
| Title | Collapse of a New Living Species of Giant Clam in the Red Sea |
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