Mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection in Manaus, State of Amazonas, Brazil

• Published in: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical Vol. 44; no. 5; pp. 537 - 541
• Main Authors: Soeiro, Claudia Marques de Oliveira, Miranda, Angélica Espinosa, Saraceni, Valeria, Lucena, Noaldo Oliveira de, Talhari, Sinésio, Ferreira, Luiz Carlos de Lima
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Brazil Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 01-10-2011; Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical - SBMT; Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical (SBMT)
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; AIDS; Antiretroviral agents; Brazil - epidemiology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Disease Notification; Female; Gravidez; HIV; HIV Infections - epidemiology; HIV Infections - prevention & control; HIV Infections - transmission; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infants; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - prevention & control; Information Systems; Middle Aged; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - epidemiology; Profilaxia; Prophylaxis; Socioeconomic Factors; Transmissão vertical; TROPICAL MEDICINE; Urban areas; Urban Population; Young Adult; Brazil; Pregnancy; HIV; Prophylaxis; Transmissão vertical; Vertical transmission; AIDS; Profilaxia; Gravidez
• ISSN: 0037-8682; 1678-9849; 1678-9849; 0037-8682
• DOI: 10.1590/S0037-86822011000500001

Reduction in the vertical transmission of HIV is possible when prophylactic measures are implemented. Our objective was to determine demographic characteristics of HIV-infected pregnant women and the rate of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
A descriptive study was conducted using notification, and investigating data from the Notifiable Diseases Data System in the Brazilian State of Amazonas, between 2007 and 2009.
During the study period, notification was received of 509 HIV-positive pregnant women. The vertical transmission was 9.9% (95% CI: 7.2-12.6%). The mean age of women was 27 years (SD: 5.7), and the majority (54.8%) had not completed elementary school (eighth grade). Diagnosis of HIV seropositivity was made prior to pregnancy in 115 (22.6%) women, during prenatal care in 302 (59.3%), during delivery in 70 (13.8%), and following delivery in 22 (4.3%). Four hundred four of these women (79.4%) had had prenatal care, with 79.4% of patients receiving antiretroviral during pregnancy and 61.9% of the newborn infants receiving prophylaxis. In the final multivariate logistic regression model, living in urban area [OR = 0.7 (95% CI: 0.35-0.89)] and having had prenatal care [OR = 0.1 (95% CI: 0.04-0.24)] remained as protective factors against vertical HIV transmission in this population.
The relevance of adequate compliance with the measures already established as being effective in guaranteeing a reduction in HIV transmission within the maternal and infant population should be emphasized.