In Vitro Evaluation of α-amylase and α-glucosidase Inhibition of 2,3-Epoxyprocyanidin C1 and Other Constituents from Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 28; no. 1; p. 126
• Main Authors: Feunaing, Romeo Toko, Tamfu, Alfred Ngenge, Gbaweng, Abel Joel Yaya, Mekontso Magnibou, Larissa, Ntchapda, Fidele, Henoumont, Celine, Laurent, Sophie, Talla, Emmanuel, Dinica, Rodica Mihaela
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 23-12-2022; MDPI
• Subjects: 2,3-Epoxyprocyanidin C1; Acarbose; Amputation; Amylases; antidiabetic activity; Antidiabetics; Carbohydrates; Carbon; Column chromatography; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Ellagic acid; Enzymes; Epicatechin; Flavonoids; Glucosidase; Herbal medicine; Insulin; Medicinal plants; Metabolic disorders; Metabolism; Metabolites; Myocardial infarction; Naringenin; Natural products; Pentacyclic triterpenoids; phenolic compounds; Physical activity; Pterocarpus erinaceus; Renal failure; Sugar; Triterpenoids; α-Amylase; α-amylase inhibition; α-Glucosidase; α-glucosidase inhibition; 2,3-Epoxyprocyanidin C1; α-glucosidase inhibition; phenolic compounds; Pterocarpus erinaceus; α-amylase inhibition; antidiabetic activity
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010126

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder which is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidities in elderly humans. Chronic diabetes can lead to kidney failure, blindness, limb amputation, heart attack and stroke. Physical activity, healthy diets and medications can reduce the incidence of diabetes, so the search for more efficient antidiabetic therapies, most especially from natural products, is a necessity. Herein, extract from roots of the medicinal plant
was purified by column chromatography and afforded ten compounds which were characterized by EIMS, HR-FAB-MS, 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Amongst them were, a new trimeric derivative of epicatechin, named 2,3-Epoxyprocyanidin C1 (1); two pentacyclic triterpenoids, friedelin (2) and betulin (3); angolensin (4); flavonoids such as 7-methoxygenistein (5), 7-methoxydaidzein (6), apigenin 7-O-glucoronide (8) and naringenin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9); and an ellagic acid derivative (10). The extract and compounds were evaluated for their antidiabetic potential by α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory assays. IC
values of compound
(48.1 ± 0.9 µg/mL), compound
(48.6 ± 0.1 µg/mL), compound
(50.2 ± 0.5 µg/mL) and extract (40.5 ± 0.8 µg/mL) when compared to that of acarbose (26.4 ± 0.3 µg/mL) indicated good α-amylase inhibition. In the α-glucosidase assay, the extract (IC
= 31.2 ± 0.1 µg/mL), compound
(IC
= 39.5 ± 1.2 µg/mL), compound
(IC
= 40.9 ± 1.3 µg/mL), compound
(IC
= 41.6 ± 1.0 µg/mL), Compound
(IC
= 43.4 ± 0.5 µg/mL), compound
(IC
= 47.6 ± 0.9 µg/mL), compound
(IC
= 46.3 ± 0.2 µg/mL), compound
(IC
= 45.0 ± 0.8 µg/mL), compound
(IC
= 44.8 ± 0.6 µg/mL) and compound
(IC
= 47.5 ± 0.4 µg/mL) all had moderate-to-good inhibitions, compared to acarbose (IC
= 22.0 ± 0.5 µg/mL). The ability to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase indicates that
and its compounds can lower blood glucose levels by delaying hydrolysis of carbohydrates into sugars, thereby providing a source of natural antidiabetic remedy.