Epidemiology of trauma: Childhood adversities, neighborhood problems, discrimination, chronic strains, life events, and daily hassles among people with a severe mental illness

• Published in: Psychiatry research Vol. 230; no. 2; pp. 609 - 615
• Main Authors: Adams, Richard E, Ritter, Christian, Bonfine, Natalie
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ireland Elsevier Ireland Ltd 15-12-2015
• Subjects: Adult; Age Factors; Childhood trauma; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depression - psychology; Female; Humans; Life Change Events; Male; Mental Disorders - epidemiology; Mental Disorders - psychology; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Psychiatry; Quality of Life; Serious mental illness; Stress; Stress Disorders, Traumatic - epidemiology; Stress Disorders, Traumatic - psychology; Surveys and Questionnaires; Serious mental illness; Childhood trauma; Stress; Quality of life
• ISSN: 0165-1781; 1872-7123
• DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.10.012

Abstract Trauma during childhood and adolescence is a common event among people with a serious psychological disorder. Few studies assess a wide range of stressors for this population. This is surprising given that these stressful events are implicated in poorer outcomes related to course and treatment of mental health problems. This study of 214 people with serious mental illness examines the prevalence of childhood traumas, perceived neighborhood problems, discrimination, chronic strains, negative life events, and daily hassles. We use regression analyses to determine if these stressors are associated with quality of life. Results show that 95% of the sample report at least one childhood adversity. Perceived neighborhood problems, experiences of discrimination, chronic strains, life events, and daily hassles were also common. Examining the relationship between demographic factors and stressors suggests that older respondents, Whites, those who have never been married, and people diagnosed with Schizophrenia reported fewer stressors compared to those who are older, non-White, ever married, or suffering from other types of mental health problems. Finally, three of the six types of stressors were related to lower quality of life and depression. We discuss the implications of these findings for the treatment of severe psychological problems.