Properties of glutaminase of crayfish CNS: implications for axon–glia signaling

Glutaminase of crayfish axons is believed to participate in recycling of axon–glia signaling agent(s). We measured the activity and properties of glutaminase in crude homogenates of crayfish CNS, using ion exchange chromatography to separate radiolabeled product from substrate. Crayfish glutaminase...

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Published in:Neuroscience Vol. 114; no. 3; pp. 699 - 705
Main Authors: Engler, J.A, Gottesman, J.M, Harkins, J.C, Urazaev, A.K, Lieberman, E.M, Grossfeld, R.M
Format: Journal Article
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Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01-01-2002
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Abstract Glutaminase of crayfish axons is believed to participate in recycling of axon–glia signaling agent(s). We measured the activity and properties of glutaminase in crude homogenates of crayfish CNS, using ion exchange chromatography to separate radiolabeled product from substrate. Crayfish glutaminase activity is cytoplasmic and/or weakly bound to membranes and dependent on time, tissue protein, and glutamine concentration. It resembles the kidney-type phosphate-activated glutaminase of mammals in being stimulated by inorganic phosphate and alkaline pH and inhibited by the product glutamate and by the glutamine analog 6-diazo-5-oxo- L-norleucine. During incubation of crayfish CNS fibers in Na +-free saline containing radiolabeled glutamine, there is an increased formation of radiolabeled glutamate in axoplasm that is temporally associated with an increase in axonal pH from about 7.1 to about 8.0. Both the formation of glutamate and the change in pH are reduced by 6-diazo-5-oxo- L-norleucine. Our results suggest that crayfish glutaminase activity is regulated by cellular changes in pH and glutamate concentration. Such changes could impact availability of the axon–glia signaling agents glutamate and N-acetylaspartylglutamate.
AbstractList Glutaminase of crayfish axons is believed to participate in recycling of axon-glia signaling agent(s). We measured the activity and properties of glutaminase in crude homogenates of crayfish CNS, using ion exchange chromatography to separate radiolabeled product from substrate. Crayfish glutaminase activity is cytoplasmic and/or weakly bound to membranes and dependent on time, tissue protein, and glutamine concentration. It resembles the kidney-type phosphate-activated glutaminase of mammals in being stimulated by inorganic phosphate and alkaline pH and inhibited by the product glutamate and by the glutamine analog 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine. During incubation of crayfish CNS fibers in Na super(+)-free saline containing radiolabeled glutamine, there is an increased formation of radiolabeled glutamate in axoplasm that is temporally associated with an increase in axonal pH from about 7.1 to about 8.0. Both the formation of glutamate and the change in pH are reduced by 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine. Our results suggest that crayfish glutaminase activity is regulated by cellular changes in pH and glutamate concentration. Such changes could impact availability of the axon-glia signaling agents glutamate and N-acetylaspartyl-glutamate.
Glutaminase of crayfish axons is believed to participate in recycling of axon–glia signaling agent(s). We measured the activity and properties of glutaminase in crude homogenates of crayfish CNS, using ion exchange chromatography to separate radiolabeled product from substrate. Crayfish glutaminase activity is cytoplasmic and/or weakly bound to membranes and dependent on time, tissue protein, and glutamine concentration. It resembles the kidney-type phosphate-activated glutaminase of mammals in being stimulated by inorganic phosphate and alkaline pH and inhibited by the product glutamate and by the glutamine analog 6-diazo-5-oxo- L-norleucine. During incubation of crayfish CNS fibers in Na +-free saline containing radiolabeled glutamine, there is an increased formation of radiolabeled glutamate in axoplasm that is temporally associated with an increase in axonal pH from about 7.1 to about 8.0. Both the formation of glutamate and the change in pH are reduced by 6-diazo-5-oxo- L-norleucine. Our results suggest that crayfish glutaminase activity is regulated by cellular changes in pH and glutamate concentration. Such changes could impact availability of the axon–glia signaling agents glutamate and N-acetylaspartylglutamate.
Glutaminase of crayfish axons is believed to participate in recycling of axon-glia signaling agent(s). We measured the activity and properties of glutaminase in crude homogenates of crayfish CNS, using ion exchange chromatography to separate radiolabeled product from substrate. Crayfish glutaminase activity is cytoplasmic and/or weakly bound to membranes and dependent on time, tissue protein, and glutamine concentration. It resembles the kidney-type phosphate-activated glutaminase of mammals in being stimulated by inorganic phosphate and alkaline pH and inhibited by the product glutamate and by the glutamine analog 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine. During incubation of crayfish CNS fibers in Na(+)-free saline containing radiolabeled glutamine, there is an increased formation of radiolabeled glutamate in axoplasm that is temporally associated with an increase in axonal pH from about 7.1 to about 8.0. Both the formation of glutamate and the change in pH are reduced by 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine. Our results suggest that crayfish glutaminase activity is regulated by cellular changes in pH and glutamate concentration. Such changes could impact availability of the axon-glia signaling agents glutamate and N-acetylaspartylglutamate.
Author Harkins, J.C
Grossfeld, R.M
Lieberman, E.M
Engler, J.A
Urazaev, A.K
Gottesman, J.M
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Issue 3
Keywords N-acetylaspartylglutamate
DON, 6-diazo-5-oxo- L-norleucine
NCS, normal (physiological) saline
PAG, phosphate-activated glutaminase
GAD, glutamate decarboxylase
PIG, phosphate-independent glutaminase
glutamine
glutamate
NAAG, N-acetylaspartylglutamate
Glial cell
Enzyme
Neuroglia
Central nervous system
Axon
Glutamate
Glutaminase
Macrura
Crustacea
Arthropoda
Excitatory aminoacid
Neurotransmitter
Hydrolases
Decapoda
Procambarus clarkii
Invertebrata
Glutamine
Language English
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Snippet Glutaminase of crayfish axons is believed to participate in recycling of axon–glia signaling agent(s). We measured the activity and properties of glutaminase...
Glutaminase of crayfish axons is believed to participate in recycling of axon-glia signaling agent(s). We measured the activity and properties of glutaminase...
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SubjectTerms Animals
Astacidea
Astacoidea - enzymology
Axons - drug effects
Axons - enzymology
Biochemistry. Physiology. Immunology
Biological and medical sciences
Central Nervous System - drug effects
Central Nervous System - enzymology
Crustacea
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
glutamate
Glutaminase - antagonists & inhibitors
Glutaminase - metabolism
glutamine
Invertebrates
N-acetylaspartylglutamate
Neuroglia - drug effects
Neuroglia - enzymology
Physiology. Development
Signal Transduction - drug effects
Signal Transduction - physiology
Title Properties of glutaminase of crayfish CNS: implications for axon–glia signaling
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4522(02)00357-3
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12220571
https://search.proquest.com/docview/18655362
https://search.proquest.com/docview/72079736
Volume 114
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