Properties of glutaminase of crayfish CNS: implications for axon–glia signaling
Glutaminase of crayfish axons is believed to participate in recycling of axon–glia signaling agent(s). We measured the activity and properties of glutaminase in crude homogenates of crayfish CNS, using ion exchange chromatography to separate radiolabeled product from substrate. Crayfish glutaminase...
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Published in: | Neuroscience Vol. 114; no. 3; pp. 699 - 705 |
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Abstract | Glutaminase of crayfish axons is believed to participate in recycling of axon–glia signaling agent(s). We measured the activity and properties of glutaminase in crude homogenates of crayfish CNS, using ion exchange chromatography to separate radiolabeled product from substrate. Crayfish glutaminase activity is cytoplasmic and/or weakly bound to membranes and dependent on time, tissue protein, and glutamine concentration. It resembles the kidney-type phosphate-activated glutaminase of mammals in being stimulated by inorganic phosphate and alkaline pH and inhibited by the product glutamate and by the glutamine analog 6-diazo-5-oxo-
L-norleucine. During incubation of crayfish CNS fibers in Na
+-free saline containing radiolabeled glutamine, there is an increased formation of radiolabeled glutamate in axoplasm that is temporally associated with an increase in axonal pH from about 7.1 to about 8.0. Both the formation of glutamate and the change in pH are reduced by 6-diazo-5-oxo-
L-norleucine.
Our results suggest that crayfish glutaminase activity is regulated by cellular changes in pH and glutamate concentration. Such changes could impact availability of the axon–glia signaling agents glutamate and
N-acetylaspartylglutamate. |
---|---|
AbstractList | Glutaminase of crayfish axons is believed to participate in recycling of axon-glia signaling agent(s). We measured the activity and properties of glutaminase in crude homogenates of crayfish CNS, using ion exchange chromatography to separate radiolabeled product from substrate. Crayfish glutaminase activity is cytoplasmic and/or weakly bound to membranes and dependent on time, tissue protein, and glutamine concentration. It resembles the kidney-type phosphate-activated glutaminase of mammals in being stimulated by inorganic phosphate and alkaline pH and inhibited by the product glutamate and by the glutamine analog 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine. During incubation of crayfish CNS fibers in Na super(+)-free saline containing radiolabeled glutamine, there is an increased formation of radiolabeled glutamate in axoplasm that is temporally associated with an increase in axonal pH from about 7.1 to about 8.0. Both the formation of glutamate and the change in pH are reduced by 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine. Our results suggest that crayfish glutaminase activity is regulated by cellular changes in pH and glutamate concentration. Such changes could impact availability of the axon-glia signaling agents glutamate and N-acetylaspartyl-glutamate. Glutaminase of crayfish axons is believed to participate in recycling of axon–glia signaling agent(s). We measured the activity and properties of glutaminase in crude homogenates of crayfish CNS, using ion exchange chromatography to separate radiolabeled product from substrate. Crayfish glutaminase activity is cytoplasmic and/or weakly bound to membranes and dependent on time, tissue protein, and glutamine concentration. It resembles the kidney-type phosphate-activated glutaminase of mammals in being stimulated by inorganic phosphate and alkaline pH and inhibited by the product glutamate and by the glutamine analog 6-diazo-5-oxo- L-norleucine. During incubation of crayfish CNS fibers in Na +-free saline containing radiolabeled glutamine, there is an increased formation of radiolabeled glutamate in axoplasm that is temporally associated with an increase in axonal pH from about 7.1 to about 8.0. Both the formation of glutamate and the change in pH are reduced by 6-diazo-5-oxo- L-norleucine. Our results suggest that crayfish glutaminase activity is regulated by cellular changes in pH and glutamate concentration. Such changes could impact availability of the axon–glia signaling agents glutamate and N-acetylaspartylglutamate. Glutaminase of crayfish axons is believed to participate in recycling of axon-glia signaling agent(s). We measured the activity and properties of glutaminase in crude homogenates of crayfish CNS, using ion exchange chromatography to separate radiolabeled product from substrate. Crayfish glutaminase activity is cytoplasmic and/or weakly bound to membranes and dependent on time, tissue protein, and glutamine concentration. It resembles the kidney-type phosphate-activated glutaminase of mammals in being stimulated by inorganic phosphate and alkaline pH and inhibited by the product glutamate and by the glutamine analog 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine. During incubation of crayfish CNS fibers in Na(+)-free saline containing radiolabeled glutamine, there is an increased formation of radiolabeled glutamate in axoplasm that is temporally associated with an increase in axonal pH from about 7.1 to about 8.0. Both the formation of glutamate and the change in pH are reduced by 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine. Our results suggest that crayfish glutaminase activity is regulated by cellular changes in pH and glutamate concentration. Such changes could impact availability of the axon-glia signaling agents glutamate and N-acetylaspartylglutamate. |
Author | Harkins, J.C Grossfeld, R.M Lieberman, E.M Engler, J.A Urazaev, A.K Gottesman, J.M |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: J.A surname: Engler fullname: Engler, J.A organization: Zoology Department and W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7617, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: J.M surname: Gottesman fullname: Gottesman, J.M organization: Zoology Department and W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7617, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: J.C surname: Harkins fullname: Harkins, J.C organization: Zoology Department and W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7617, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: A.K surname: Urazaev fullname: Urazaev, A.K organization: Department of Physiology, East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC 27858-4354, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: E.M surname: Lieberman fullname: Lieberman, E.M organization: Department of Physiology, East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC 27858-4354, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: R.M surname: Grossfeld fullname: Grossfeld, R.M email: robert_grossfeld@ncsu.edu organization: Zoology Department and W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7617, USA |
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Keywords | N-acetylaspartylglutamate DON, 6-diazo-5-oxo- L-norleucine NCS, normal (physiological) saline PAG, phosphate-activated glutaminase GAD, glutamate decarboxylase PIG, phosphate-independent glutaminase glutamine glutamate NAAG, N-acetylaspartylglutamate Glial cell Enzyme Neuroglia Central nervous system Axon Glutamate Glutaminase Macrura Crustacea Arthropoda Excitatory aminoacid Neurotransmitter Hydrolases Decapoda Procambarus clarkii Invertebrata Glutamine |
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Snippet | Glutaminase of crayfish axons is believed to participate in recycling of axon–glia signaling agent(s). We measured the activity and properties of glutaminase... Glutaminase of crayfish axons is believed to participate in recycling of axon-glia signaling agent(s). We measured the activity and properties of glutaminase... |
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SubjectTerms | Animals Astacidea Astacoidea - enzymology Axons - drug effects Axons - enzymology Biochemistry. Physiology. Immunology Biological and medical sciences Central Nervous System - drug effects Central Nervous System - enzymology Crustacea Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology glutamate Glutaminase - antagonists & inhibitors Glutaminase - metabolism glutamine Invertebrates N-acetylaspartylglutamate Neuroglia - drug effects Neuroglia - enzymology Physiology. Development Signal Transduction - drug effects Signal Transduction - physiology |
Title | Properties of glutaminase of crayfish CNS: implications for axon–glia signaling |
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