Changing perspectives on early hominin diets

It is axiomatic that knowledge of the diets of extinct hominin species is central to any understanding of their ecology and our evolution. The importance of diet in the paleontological realm has led to the employment of multiple approaches in its elucidation. Some of these have deep historical roots...

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Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 120; no. 7; p. e2201421120
Main Authors: Teaford, Mark F, Ungar, Peter S, Grine, Frederick E
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States National Academy of Sciences 14-02-2023
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Abstract It is axiomatic that knowledge of the diets of extinct hominin species is central to any understanding of their ecology and our evolution. The importance of diet in the paleontological realm has led to the employment of multiple approaches in its elucidation. Some of these have deep historical roots, while others are dependent upon more recent technical and methodological advances. Historically, studies of tooth size, shape, and structure have been the gold standard for reconstructing diet. They focus on species-level adaptations, and as such, they can set theoretical brackets for dietary capabilities within the context of specific evolutionary moments. Other methods (e.g., analyses of dental calculus, biogeochemistry, and dental microwear) have only been developed within the past few decades, but are now beginning to yield evidence of the actual foods consumed by individuals represented by fossil remains. Here we begin by looking at these more "direct" forms of evidence of diet before showing that, when used in conjunction with other techniques, these "multi-proxy" approaches can raise questions about traditional interpretations of early hominin diets and change the nature of paleobiological interpretations.
AbstractList It is axiomatic that knowledge of the diets of extinct hominin species is central to any understanding of their ecology and our evolution. The importance of diet in the paleontological realm has led to the employment of multiple approaches in its elucidation. Some of these have deep historical roots, while others are dependent upon more recent technical and methodological advances. Historically, studies of tooth size, shape, and structure have been the gold standard for reconstructing diet. They focus on species-level adaptations, and as such, they can set theoretical brackets for dietary capabilities within the context of specific evolutionary moments. Other methods (e.g., analyses of dental calculus, biogeochemistry, and dental microwear) have only been developed within the past few decades, but are now beginning to yield evidence of the actual foods consumed by individuals represented by fossil remains. Here we begin by looking at these more "direct" forms of evidence of diet before showing that, when used in conjunction with other techniques, these "multi-proxy" approaches can raise questions about traditional interpretations of early hominin diets and change the nature of paleobiological interpretations.
Author Teaford, Mark F
Ungar, Peter S
Grine, Frederick E
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  fullname: Teaford, Mark F
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  givenname: Peter S
  surname: Ungar
  fullname: Ungar, Peter S
  organization: Department of Anthropology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701
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  surname: Grine
  fullname: Grine, Frederick E
  organization: Department of Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794
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Keywords dental calculus
dental microwear
phytoliths
hominin
stable isotope
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Edited by C. Lovejoy, Kent State University, Kent, OH; received February 11, 2022; accepted December 23, 2022
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Snippet It is axiomatic that knowledge of the diets of extinct hominin species is central to any understanding of their ecology and our evolution. The importance of...
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SubjectTerms Adaptation
Adaptation, Physiological
Animals
Biogeochemistry
Biological Sciences
Dental calculi
Dental calculus
Dental roots
Diet
Ecology
Extinct species
Food
Fossils
Hominidae
Humans
Social Sciences
Teeth
Title Changing perspectives on early hominin diets
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36745809
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2778060862
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC9963003
Volume 120
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