Rate of change of composition of lettuce in response to nitrogen depletion or re-supply
BACKGROUND: Lettuce accumulates high levels of nitrate when grown in winter in heated greenhouses. Temporarily removing nitrate from the nutrient solution may lower tissue nitrate. The composition of hydroponic lettuce was examined over a 6‐ to 13‐day interval of nitrogen depletion or re‐supply. RES...
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| Published in: | Journal of the science of food and agriculture Vol. 92; no. 15; pp. 3007 - 3015 |
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| Language: | English |
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Chichester, UK
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
01-12-2012
Wiley John Wiley and Sons, Limited |
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| Abstract | BACKGROUND: Lettuce accumulates high levels of nitrate when grown in winter in heated greenhouses. Temporarily removing nitrate from the nutrient solution may lower tissue nitrate. The composition of hydroponic lettuce was examined over a 6‐ to 13‐day interval of nitrogen depletion or re‐supply.
RESULTS: Growth responses were delayed by 6 days or more after changing N supply, except root growth responded in 3–4 days. The total nitrogen increased or decreased for 6 days. When measured in the light, nitrate concentration changed 10‐fold in roots within 2 days. The change in leaf and petiole tissue was slower. Amino acids responded to a change in N‐supply within 1 day in leaf and root. All tissues of N‐depleted plants had more sugars compared to N‐sufficient plants within 2 days after the start of depletion. Nitrogen depletion had reversible effects on growth or tissue concentrations if applied for only 6 days.
CONCLUSIONS: Tissue nitrate changed more rapidly than total nitrogen, or growth responses. However, nitrate changed more slowly in petiole than in leaf blade or roots, and larger plants have more biomass in petioles. Thus, clearing nitrate from lettuce is slower for large compared to smaller lettuce plants. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry |
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| AbstractList | BACKGROUNDLettuce accumulates high levels of nitrate when grown in winter in heated greenhouses. Temporarily removing nitrate from the nutrient solution may lower tissue nitrate. The composition of hydroponic lettuce was examined over a 6- to 13-day interval of nitrogen depletion or re-supply.RESULTSGrowth responses were delayed by 6 days or more after changing N supply, except root growth responded in 3-4 days. The total nitrogen increased or decreased for 6 days. When measured in the light, nitrate concentration changed 10-fold in roots within 2 days. The change in leaf and petiole tissue was slower. Amino acids responded to a change in N-supply within 1 day in leaf and root. All tissues of N-depleted plants had more sugars compared to N-sufficient plants within 2 days after the start of depletion. Nitrogen depletion had reversible effects on growth or tissue concentrations if applied for only 6 days.CONCLUSIONSTissue nitrate changed more rapidly than total nitrogen, or growth responses. However, nitrate changed more slowly in petiole than in leaf blade or roots, and larger plants have more biomass in petioles. Thus, clearing nitrate from lettuce is slower for large compared to smaller lettuce plants. Lettuce accumulates high levels of nitrate when grown in winter in heated greenhouses. Temporarily removing nitrate from the nutrient solution may lower tissue nitrate. The composition of hydroponic lettuce was examined over a 6- to 13-day interval of nitrogen depletion or re-supply. Growth responses were delayed by 6 days or more after changing N supply, except root growth responded in 3-4 days. The total nitrogen increased or decreased for 6 days. When measured in the light, nitrate concentration changed 10-fold in roots within 2 days. The change in leaf and petiole tissue was slower. Amino acids responded to a change in N-supply within 1 day in leaf and root. All tissues of N-depleted plants had more sugars compared to N-sufficient plants within 2 days after the start of depletion. Nitrogen depletion had reversible effects on growth or tissue concentrations if applied for only 6 days. Tissue nitrate changed more rapidly than total nitrogen, or growth responses. However, nitrate changed more slowly in petiole than in leaf blade or roots, and larger plants have more biomass in petioles. Thus, clearing nitrate from lettuce is slower for large compared to smaller lettuce plants. Lettuce accumulates high levels of nitrate when grown in winter in heated greenhouses. Temporarily removing nitrate from the nutrient solution may lower tissue nitrate. The composition of hydroponic lettuce was examined over a 6- to 13-day interval of nitrogen depletion or re-supply. Growth responses were delayed by 6 days or more after changing N supply, except root growth responded in 3-4 days. The total nitrogen increased or decreased for 6 days. When measured in the light, nitrate concentration changed 10-fold in roots within 2 days. The change in leaf and petiole tissue was slower. Amino acids responded to a change in N-supply within 1 day in leaf and root. All tissues of N-depleted plants had more sugars compared to N-sufficient plants within 2 days after the start of depletion. Nitrogen depletion had reversible effects on growth or tissue concentrations if applied for only 6 days. Tissue nitrate changed more rapidly than total nitrogen, or growth responses. However, nitrate changed more slowly in petiole than in leaf blade or roots, and larger plants have more biomass in petioles. Thus, clearing nitrate from lettuce is slower for large compared to smaller lettuce plants. BACKGROUND: Lettuce accumulates high levels of nitrate when grown in winter in heated greenhouses. Temporarily removing nitrate from the nutrient solution may lower tissue nitrate. The composition of hydroponic lettuce was examined over a 6‐ to 13‐day interval of nitrogen depletion or re‐supply. RESULTS: Growth responses were delayed by 6 days or more after changing N supply, except root growth responded in 3–4 days. The total nitrogen increased or decreased for 6 days. When measured in the light, nitrate concentration changed 10‐fold in roots within 2 days. The change in leaf and petiole tissue was slower. Amino acids responded to a change in N‐supply within 1 day in leaf and root. All tissues of N‐depleted plants had more sugars compared to N‐sufficient plants within 2 days after the start of depletion. Nitrogen depletion had reversible effects on growth or tissue concentrations if applied for only 6 days. CONCLUSIONS: Tissue nitrate changed more rapidly than total nitrogen, or growth responses. However, nitrate changed more slowly in petiole than in leaf blade or roots, and larger plants have more biomass in petioles. Thus, clearing nitrate from lettuce is slower for large compared to smaller lettuce plants. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry BACKGROUND: Lettuce accumulates high levels of nitrate when grown in winter in heated greenhouses. Temporarily removing nitrate from the nutrient solution may lower tissue nitrate. The composition of hydroponic lettuce was examined over a 6‐ to 13‐day interval of nitrogen depletion or re‐supply. RESULTS: Growth responses were delayed by 6 days or more after changing N supply, except root growth responded in 3–4 days. The total nitrogen increased or decreased for 6 days. When measured in the light, nitrate concentration changed 10‐fold in roots within 2 days. The change in leaf and petiole tissue was slower. Amino acids responded to a change in N‐supply within 1 day in leaf and root. All tissues of N‐depleted plants had more sugars compared to N‐sufficient plants within 2 days after the start of depletion. Nitrogen depletion had reversible effects on growth or tissue concentrations if applied for only 6 days. CONCLUSIONS: Tissue nitrate changed more rapidly than total nitrogen, or growth responses. However, nitrate changed more slowly in petiole than in leaf blade or roots, and larger plants have more biomass in petioles. Thus, clearing nitrate from lettuce is slower for large compared to smaller lettuce plants. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry |
| Author | Gent, Martin P N |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Martin P N surname: Gent fullname: Gent, Martin P N email: Martin.Gent@ct.gov organization: Dept of Forestry and Horticulture, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, PO Box 1106, New Haven, CT 06504 USA |
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| Keywords | Vegetables sugars Root Growth Rate amino acids Supply Dry matter Plant leaf Nitrates nitrate Nitrogen leaf blade reduced nitrogen Lettuce Plant part Malic acid petiole Sugar |
| Language | English |
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| Snippet | BACKGROUND: Lettuce accumulates high levels of nitrate when grown in winter in heated greenhouses. Temporarily removing nitrate from the nutrient solution may... Lettuce accumulates high levels of nitrate when grown in winter in heated greenhouses. Temporarily removing nitrate from the nutrient solution may lower tissue... BACKGROUND: Lettuce accumulates high levels of nitrate when grown in winter in heated greenhouses. Temporarily removing nitrate from the nutrient solution may... BACKGROUNDLettuce accumulates high levels of nitrate when grown in winter in heated greenhouses. Temporarily removing nitrate from the nutrient solution may... |
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| SubjectTerms | Amino acids Amino Acids - analysis Biological and medical sciences Biomass dry matter Food industries Fruit and vegetable industries Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Greenhouses growth Hydroponics Kinetics Lactuca - chemistry Lactuca - drug effects Lactuca - growth & development leaf blade Lettuce malic acid nitrate Nitrates - administration & dosage Nitrates - analysis Nitrogen Nitrogen - administration & dosage petiole Plant growth Plant Leaves - chemistry Plant Leaves - drug effects Plant Leaves - growth & development Plant Roots - chemistry Plant Roots - drug effects Plant Roots - growth & development reduced nitrogen root sugars |
| Title | Rate of change of composition of lettuce in response to nitrogen depletion or re-supply |
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