Prevalence of colorectal neoplasia in smokers

• Published in: The American journal of gastroenterology Vol. 98; no. 12; pp. 2777 - 2783
• Main Authors: Anderson, Joseph C, Attam, Rajeev, Alpern, Zvi, Messina, Catherine R, Hubbard, Patricia, Grimson, Roger, Ells, Peter F, Brand, Douglas L
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford . 01-12-2003; Blackwell Publishing; Wolters Kluwer Health Medical Research, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
• Subjects: Adenoma - epidemiology; Aged; Biological and medical sciences; Chi-Square Distribution; Colonoscopy; Colorectal Neoplasms - epidemiology; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Gastroenterology; Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Smoking - adverse effects; Stomach. Duodenum. Small intestine. Colon. Rectum. Anus; Tumors; Adenocarcinoma; Human; Drug addiction; Dysplasia; Rectal disease; Prevalence; Tobacco smoking; Malignant tumor; Adenoma; Medical screening; Statistical study; Colonic disease; Colonoscopy; Rectum; Digestive diseases; Intestinal disease; Endoscopy; Benign neoplasm; Colon
• ISSN: 0002-9270; 1572-0241
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.08671.x

Smoking has been linked with colorectal neoplasia. Previous colonoscopy screening studies have omitted smoking and have examined only gender, age, and family history. Our aim was to use a screening population to measure the prevalence of neoplasia in smokers, the anatomic location of these lesions, and the strength of this association relative to other risk factors. Data collected from the charts of 1988 screening colonoscopy patients included colonic findings, histology, risk factors for colorectal neoplasia, and smoking pattern. Current smokers were defined as those who had smoked more than 10 pack-years and were currently smoking or who had quit within the past 10 yr. Our outcomes were any adenomatous lesion and significant colonic neoplasia, which included adenocarcinoma, high grade dysplasia, villous tissue, large (>1 cm) adenomas, and multiple (more than two) adenomas. Multivariate analysis revealed that current smokers were more likely to have any adenomatous lesion (odds ratio [OR] = 1.89; 95% CI = 1.42–2.51; p < 0.001) as well as significant neoplasia (OR = 2.26; 95% CI = 1.56–3.27; p < 0.001) than those who had never smoked. The increased risk for smokers was predominantly for left-sided neoplasia. The risk for significant neoplasia was greater for smokers than for patients with a family history of colorectal cancer (OR = 1.20; 95% CI = 0.75–1.92; p > 0.05). Smoking is a significant risk factor for colorectal neoplasia in a screening population, especially for significant left-sided lesions. In our sample population, smoking posed a greater risk than family history of colorectal cancer.