Preparation of single donor platelet with low antibody titers for all patients

• Published in: Transfusion and apheresis science Vol. 46; no. 2; pp. 125 - 128
• Main Authors: Romphruk, Amornrat V, Cheunta, Siriluk, Pakoate, Lamoon, Kumpeera, Pravee, Sripara, Poonsup, Paupairoj, Chintana, Romphruk, Arunrat
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01-04-2012
• Subjects: ABO Blood-Group System; ABO-incompatible platelet; Adolescent; Adult; Blood Donors; Blood Group Incompatibility - blood; Blood Group Incompatibility - prevention & control; Blood Platelets - cytology; Blood Platelets - metabolism; Blood Preservation; Female; Health technology assessment; Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine; Humans; Isoantibodies; Low titer anti-A/anti-B in SDP; Male; Middle Aged; Platelet Transfusion; ABO-incompatible platelet; Low titer anti-A/anti-B in SDP
• ISSN: 1473-0502; 1878-1683
• DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2012.01.006

Abstract Platelet concentrates from ABO-identical donors are the components of choice for patients. However, since inventories are generally insufficient and because there is usually a relative abundance of group O donors, perfect matches are not always possible. It is therefore the accepted practice for platelets to be transfused out of the ABO group when ABO-identical platelets are unavailable. Notwithstanding, the transfusion of platelets containing high titers of antibodies to the antigens on the red blood cells of the patient can cause clinically significant hemolysis. The way to improve the safety of group O platelets has focused on defining a safe level of antibodies or reducing the volume of incompatible plasma. In the current study, 107 group O single donor platelets (SDP) were modified after collecting the platelet pellet in a bag. The AB plasma was added instead of the donor’s own plasma. The direct agglutination titers of anti-A/anti-B in the original group O SDPs’ plasma were performed by doing a gel test, resulting in from 1:4 to 1:1024. The prevalence of high titers ( i.e., at least 1:64 in our study) was relatively high, ∼63% for anti-A and 78% for anti-B. The titer of residual anti-A/anti-B in the modified SDPs ranged from negative to 1:8. In most of the modified SDPs anti-A/anti-B could not be detected in the plasma (58.9% and 52.3%, respectively). The results indicate that our modified SDPs have very low titers; that is, acting as a universal SDP which is safe for all ABO patients. This modified SDP form is a more convenient way to overcome the risk from incompatible plasma or loss of platelets during the process of volume reduction and can help effectively manage our inventory.