Hesperidin inhibits biofilm formation, virulence and staphyloxanthin synthesis in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus by targeting SarA and CrtM: an in vitro and in silico approach

• Published in: World journal of microbiology & biotechnology Vol. 38; no. 3; p. 44
• Main Authors: Vijayakumar, Karuppiah, Muhilvannan, Seralathan, Arun Vignesh, Mani
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01-03-2022; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antimicrobial resistance; Applied Microbiology; Bacterial Proteins - chemistry; Bacterial Proteins - metabolism; Biochemistry; Biofilms; Biofilms - drug effects; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biotechnology; Citrus fruits; Clinical isolates; Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology; Farnesyl-Diphosphate Farnesyltransferase - chemistry; Farnesyl-Diphosphate Farnesyltransferase - metabolism; Fibronectin; Fibronectin-binding protein; Gene expression; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Hesperidin; Hesperidin - chemistry; Hesperidin - pharmacology; Humans; Hydrogen peroxide; Life Sciences; Methicillin; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - chemistry; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - physiology; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microbiology; Molecular docking; Molecular Docking Simulation; Multidrug resistance; Original Paper; Oxidative stress; Polysaccharides; Proteins; Staphylococcal Infections - drug therapy; Staphylococcal Infections - microbiology; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus infections; Trans-Activators - chemistry; Trans-Activators - metabolism; Virulence; Virulence - drug effects; Virulence Factors - metabolism; Xanthophylls - metabolism; SarA; qPCR; Antibiofilm; Hesperidin; Molecular docking; Staphylococcus aureus
• ISSN: 0959-3993; 1573-0972
• DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03232-5

Methicillin resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
is considered multidrug resistant bacterium due to developing biofilm formation associated with antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. Therefore, inhibition of biofilm formation is an alternative therapeutic action to control MRSA infections. The present study revealed the non-antibacterial biofilm inhibitory potential of hesperidin against ATCC strain and clinical isolates of
S. aureus
. Hesperidin is a flavanone glycoside commonly found in citrus fruit. Hesperidin has been shown to exhibits numerous pharmacological activities. The present study aimed to evaluate the antibiofilm and antivirulence potential of hesperidin against MRSA. Results showed that hesperidin treatment significantly impedes lipase, hemolysin, autolysin, autoaggregation and staphyloxanthin production. Reductions of staphyloxanthin production possibly increase the MRSA susceptibility rate to H
2
O
2
oxidative stress condition. In gene expression study revealed that hesperidin treatment downregulated the biofilm-associated gene (
sarA
), polysaccharide intracellular adhesion gene (
icaA
and
icaD
), autolysin (
altA
), fibronectin-binding protein (
fnbA
and
fnbB
) and staphyloxanthin production (
crtM
). Molecular docking analysis predicted the ability of hesperidin to interact with SarA and CrtM proteins involved in biofilm formation and staphyloxanthin production in MRSA.