Oral vitamin D3 supplementation increases serum fibroblast growth factor 23 concentration in vitamin D-deficient patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

• Published in: Osteoporosis international Vol. 30; no. 11; pp. 2183 - 2193
• Main Authors: Charoenngam, N., Rujirachun, P., Holick, M.F., Ungprasert, P.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Springer London 01-11-2019; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D; Dietary supplements; Endocrinology; Fibroblast growth factor 23; Fibroblasts; Growth factors; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Meta-analysis; Orthopedics; Review; Rheumatology; Statistics; Systematic review; Vitamin D; Vitamin D3; supplementation; Vitamin D deficiency; Fibroblast growth factor 23; Vitamin D; Meta-analysis
• ISSN: 0937-941X; 1433-2965
• DOI: 10.1007/s00198-019-05102-7

Studies have suggested that vitamin D supplementation may increase serum fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) among vitamin D-deficient patients although the results were inconsistent across the studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to summarize all available data. A systematic review was conducted using MEDLINE and EMBASE database from inception to February 2019 to identify studies that provided oral vitamin D
3
supplement to vitamin D-deficient participants (25-hydroxyvitamin D < 20 ng/mL). Mean serum FGF23 concentration and standard deviation of participants at baseline and after vitamin D
3
supplementation were extracted to calculate standard mean difference (SMD). Pooled SMD was calculated by combining SMDs of each study using random effects model. Nine studies were eligible for the meta-analyses. Seven studies measured serum intact FGF23, and two studies measured serum C-terminal FGF23. The meta-analyses found that serum intact FGF23 increased significantly after oral vitamin D
3
supplementation in vitamin D-deficient participants with the pooled SMD of 0.36 (95%CI, 0.14, 0.57;
p
 = 0.001;
I
2
of 36%). Serum C-terminal FGF23 also increased after vitamin D
3
supplementation in vitamin D-deficient participants with the pooled SMD of 0.28 although without reaching statistical significance (95%CI, − 0.08, 0.65;
p
 = 0.13;
I
2
of 0%). Funnel plot of the meta-analysis of serum intact FGF23 did not provide a suggestive evidence for publication bias. Vitamin D supplementation leads to a significant increase in serum intact FGF23 among vitamin D-deficient patients. An increase in serum C-terminal FGF23 was also observed although the number of included studies was too small to demonstrate statistical significance. The present systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that serum intact FGF23 concentration increased significantly after oral vitamin D
3
supplementation in vitamin D-deficient participants. An increase in serum C-terminal FGF23 concentration was also observed although the number of included studies was too small to demonstrate statistical significance.