Associated Factors of Hypertension in Women and Men in Vietnam: A Cross-Sectional Study

• Published in: International journal of environmental research and public health Vol. 16; no. 23; p. 4714
• Main Authors: Quoc Cuong, Tran, Van Bao, Le, Anh Tuan, Nguyen, Van Thang, Vo, Minh Quan, Nguyen, Yang, Shwu-Huey, Duong, Tuyen Van
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 26-11-2019; MDPI
• Subjects: Abdomen; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Age Factors; Aged; Antihypertensive Agents - therapeutic use; Bivariate analysis; Blood pressure; Body mass index; Body weight; Cardiovascular disease; Cholesterol; Comorbidity; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data collection; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology; Dietary intake; Education; Female; Gender; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension - drug therapy; Hypertension - epidemiology; Logistic Models; Low income groups; Male; Marital status; Middle Aged; Nurses; Obesity; Odds Ratio; Overweight - epidemiology; Physical activity; Prevalence; Research methodology; Risk analysis; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Smoking; Smoking - epidemiology; Socioeconomic Factors; Sodium Chloride, Dietary; Studies; Vietnam - epidemiology; Womens health; Young Adult; Vietnam; Vietnam; abdominal obesity; smoking; older age; added salts; poverty; diabetes; hypertension; overweight; obesity
• DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234714
• EISSN: 1660-4601
• ISSN: 1660-4601; 1661-7827

Hypertension is a direct cardiovascular disease risk. It causes a heavy burden on the healthcare system globally. We aim to assess hypertension occurrence and its associated factors among women and men in Vietnam.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to February 2019 on 2203 community-dwelling women and men aged 18 years or above. Participants' characteristics, comorbidity, behaviors, and physical measures were evaluated. Hypertension was classified as systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or using antihypertensive medication. We analyzed data using logistic regression models.
The prevalence of hypertension was 24.3% (20.9% in women, 29.1% in men). For women, older age (odds ratio, OR, 6.80-12.41;
< 0.001), income above the poverty line (OR, 0.64;
= 0.008), diabetes comorbid (OR, 2.98;
< 0.001), added salts consumption (OR, 1.80;
< 0.001), overweight/obesity (OR, 1.64;
0.005), abdominal obesity (OR, 2.07;
< 0.001) were associated with hypertension. For men, older age (OR, 2.67-5.92;
< 0.001), diabetes comorbid (OR, 2.25;
0.010), smoking (OR, 1.38;
= 0.046), and overweight/obesity (OR, 2.18;
< 0.001) were associated with hypertension. Conclusions
Hypertension is prevalent in Vietnamese people. The associated factors of hypertension are varied by gender.