Pentobarbital Anesthesia Suppresses the Glucose Response to Acute Intermittent Hypoxia in Rat
A key feature of sleep disordered breathing syndromes, such as obstructive sleep apnea is intermittent hypoxia. Intermittent hypoxia is well accepted to drive the sympathoexcitation that is frequently associated with hypertension and diabetes, with measurable effects after just 1 h. The aim of this...
Saved in:
| Published in: | Frontiers in physiology Vol. 12; p. 645392 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors: | , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Switzerland
Frontiers Media S.A
05-03-2021
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Abstract | A key feature of sleep disordered breathing syndromes, such as obstructive sleep apnea is intermittent hypoxia. Intermittent hypoxia is well accepted to drive the sympathoexcitation that is frequently associated with hypertension and diabetes, with measurable effects after just 1 h. The aim of this study was to directly measure the glucose response to 1 h of acute intermittent hypoxia in pentobarbital anesthetized rats, compared to conscious rats. However, we found that while a glucose response is measurable in conscious rats exposed to intermittent hypoxia, it is suppressed in anesthetized rats. Intermittent hypoxia for 1, 2, or 8 h increased blood glucose by 0.7 ± 0.1 mmol/L in conscious rats but had no effect in anesthetized rats (-0.1 ± 0.2 mmol/L). These results were independent of the frequency of the hypoxia challenges, fasting state, vagotomy, or paralytic agents. A supraphysiological challenge of 3 min of hypoxia was able to induce a glycemic response indicating that the reflex response is not abolished under pentobarbital anesthesia. We conclude that pentobarbital anesthesia is unsuitable for investigations into glycemic response pathways in response to intermittent hypoxia in rats. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | A key feature of sleep disordered breathing syndromes, such as obstructive sleep apnea is intermittent hypoxia. Intermittent hypoxia is well accepted to drive the sympathoexcitation that is frequently associated with hypertension and diabetes, with measurable effects after just 1 h. The aim of this study was to directly measure the glucose response to 1 h of acute intermittent hypoxia in pentobarbital anesthetized rats, compared to conscious rats. However, we found that while a glucose response is measurable in conscious rats exposed to intermittent hypoxia, it is suppressed in anesthetized rats. Intermittent hypoxia for 1, 2, or 8 h increased blood glucose by 0.7 ± 0.1 mmol/L in conscious rats but had no effect in anesthetized rats (-0.1 ± 0.2 mmol/L). These results were independent of the frequency of the hypoxia challenges, fasting state, vagotomy, or paralytic agents. A supraphysiological challenge of 3 min of hypoxia was able to induce a glycemic response indicating that the reflex response is not abolished under pentobarbital anesthesia. We conclude that pentobarbital anesthesia is unsuitable for investigations into glycemic response pathways in response to intermittent hypoxia in rats. A key feature of sleep disordered breathing syndromes, such as obstructive sleep apnea is intermittent hypoxia. Intermittent hypoxia is well accepted to drive the sympathoexcitation that is frequently associated with hypertension and diabetes, with measurable effects after just 1 h. The aim of this study was to directly measure the glucose response to 1 h of acute intermittent hypoxia in pentobarbital anesthetized rats, compared to conscious rats. However, we found that while a glucose response is measurable in conscious rats exposed to intermittent hypoxia, it is suppressed in anesthetized rats. Intermittent hypoxia for 1, 2, or 8 h increased blood glucose by 0.7 ± 0.1 mmol/L in conscious rats but had no effect in anesthetized rats (−0.1 ± 0.2 mmol/L). These results were independent of the frequency of the hypoxia challenges, fasting state, vagotomy, or paralytic agents. A supraphysiological challenge of 3 min of hypoxia was able to induce a glycemic response indicating that the reflex response is not abolished under pentobarbital anesthesia. We conclude that pentobarbital anesthesia is unsuitable for investigations into glycemic response pathways in response to intermittent hypoxia in rats. A key feature of sleep disordered breathing syndromes, such as obstructive sleep apnea is intermittent hypoxia. Intermittent hypoxia is well accepted to drive the sympathoexcitation that is frequently associated with hypertension and diabetes, with measurable effects after just 1 h. The aim of this study was to directly measure the glucose response to 1 h of acute intermittent hypoxia in pentobarbital anesthetized rats, compared to conscious rats. However, we found that while a glucose response is measurable in conscious rats exposed to intermittent hypoxia, it is suppressed in anesthetized rats. Intermittent hypoxia for 1, 2, or 8 h increased blood glucose by 0.7 ± 0.1 mmol/L in conscious rats but had no effect in anesthetized rats (-0.1 ± 0.2 mmol/L). These results were independent of the frequency of the hypoxia challenges, fasting state, vagotomy, or paralytic agents. A supraphysiological challenge of 3 min of hypoxia was able to induce a glycemic response indicating that the reflex response is not abolished under pentobarbital anesthesia. We conclude that pentobarbital anesthesia is unsuitable for investigations into glycemic response pathways in response to intermittent hypoxia in rats.A key feature of sleep disordered breathing syndromes, such as obstructive sleep apnea is intermittent hypoxia. Intermittent hypoxia is well accepted to drive the sympathoexcitation that is frequently associated with hypertension and diabetes, with measurable effects after just 1 h. The aim of this study was to directly measure the glucose response to 1 h of acute intermittent hypoxia in pentobarbital anesthetized rats, compared to conscious rats. However, we found that while a glucose response is measurable in conscious rats exposed to intermittent hypoxia, it is suppressed in anesthetized rats. Intermittent hypoxia for 1, 2, or 8 h increased blood glucose by 0.7 ± 0.1 mmol/L in conscious rats but had no effect in anesthetized rats (-0.1 ± 0.2 mmol/L). These results were independent of the frequency of the hypoxia challenges, fasting state, vagotomy, or paralytic agents. A supraphysiological challenge of 3 min of hypoxia was able to induce a glycemic response indicating that the reflex response is not abolished under pentobarbital anesthesia. We conclude that pentobarbital anesthesia is unsuitable for investigations into glycemic response pathways in response to intermittent hypoxia in rats. |
| Author | Houlahan, Callum B Nedoboy, Polina E Farnham, Melissa M J |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Cardiovascular Neuroscience Unit, Heart Research Institute, Newtown , NSW , Australia 2 Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown , NSW , Australia |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown , NSW , Australia – name: 1 Cardiovascular Neuroscience Unit, Heart Research Institute, Newtown , NSW , Australia |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Polina E surname: Nedoboy fullname: Nedoboy, Polina E organization: Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia – sequence: 2 givenname: Callum B surname: Houlahan fullname: Houlahan, Callum B organization: Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia – sequence: 3 givenname: Melissa M J surname: Farnham fullname: Farnham, Melissa M J organization: Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33746780$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNpVkU1P3DAQhq2KqlDKD-ilyrGX3forcXKptEIFVkJqRUHqpbIm9pg1ysap7VTsv69hKQJfPBrP-8yM3_fkYAwjEvKR0aUQbffFTZtdWnLK2bKRtej4G3LEmkYuqOS_Dl7Eh-QkpTtajqScUvaOHAqhZKNaekR-_8Axhx5i7zMM1WrElDeYPFQ_52mKmBKmqmSq82E2IWF1hWkKYwlyqFZmzlitx4xx63MupOpiN4X7ovZjdQX5A3nrYEh48nQfk5uzb9enF4vL7-fr09Xlwkim8sJxCVKiRMdqUxtqGDAHTnQGLLVU9b1oTWsNB3CmqY0Q1kpwHUKnWO1AHJP1nmsD3Okp-i3EnQ7g9WMixFsNMXszoGayVo2zTvTKSNq2rTOMI-1Vx4XtbV1YX_esae63aE3ZKsLwCvr6ZfQbfRv-atUpwZkqgM9PgBj-zOU_9dYng8MAI4Y5aV5T0TSqUbSUsn2piSGliO65DaP6wWX96LJ-cFnvXS6aTy_ne1b891T8A162qYk |
| Cites_doi | 10.1152/ajpheart.00181.2016 10.4172/2167-0277.1000283 10.1007/s11906-016-0627-8 10.1007/s00424-011-1055-x 10.1152/ajpregu.2001.281.5.R1411 10.1093/aje/kws342 10.1152/japplphysiol.91523.2008 10.1183/09031936.00204209 10.1152/japplphysiol.00743.2017 10.1210/js.2016-1104 10.14814/phy2.12824 10.1113/expphysiol.2006.035758 10.1113/JP275001 10.1152/ajpendo.00373.2014 10.1016/0306-3623(88)90077-8 10.1097/00004872-199715120-00062 10.1038/nrn3409 10.1111/apha.12118 10.14814/phy2.13106 10.2337/db10-1579 10.1113/jphysiol.2007.144261 10.1002/cne.23338 10.3389/fnins.2019.00881 10.1016/0007-1935(91)90065-U 10.1073/pnas.1521160113 10.1113/jphysiol.2010.190454 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181a16337 10.2337/dc12-0841 10.3389/fneur.2012.00126 10.1152/ajpendo.00749.2009 10.1007/s11325-015-1144-8 10.1152/ajpendo.00051.2019 10.1113/JP272506 10.1016/S0006-8993(98)01107-X 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3179-14.2014 10.2147/NSS.S90835 10.5664/jcsm.6394 10.1073/pnas.2011228117 10.1113/JP272191 10.1152/ajpheart.1979.237.4.H424 10.1258/002367793780745471 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.01.012 10.1152/ajpheart.00253.2009 10.1152/ajpregu.00036.2018 10.1152/ajpregu.00248.2018 10.1152/japplphysiol.00198.2015 10.1152/ajpendo.00466.2010 10.1113/JP275804 10.1152/ajpregu.1984.247.5.R905 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.05.031 10.1093/bja/45.3.276 10.1016/S0959-4388(03)00093-X 10.2337/db07-1559 10.2337/diabetes.55.04.06.db05-0958 10.3389/fphys.2014.00398 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.12.011 10.1152/ajpheart.00596.2017 10.1016/j.cmet.2007.04.001 10.1016/S2213-2600(15)00043-0 10.1152/ajpheart.00592.2013 10.1152/ajplegacy.1971.221.6.1596 10.1210/en.2015-1712 10.1016/j.sleep.2018.09.030 10.5665/sleep.3040 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | Copyright © 2021 Nedoboy, Houlahan and Farnham. Copyright © 2021 Nedoboy, Houlahan and Farnham. 2021 Nedoboy, Houlahan and Farnham |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: Copyright © 2021 Nedoboy, Houlahan and Farnham. – notice: Copyright © 2021 Nedoboy, Houlahan and Farnham. 2021 Nedoboy, Houlahan and Farnham |
| DBID | NPM AAYXX CITATION 7X8 5PM DOA |
| DOI | 10.3389/fphys.2021.645392 |
| DatabaseName | PubMed CrossRef MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) Directory of Open Access Journals |
| DatabaseTitle | PubMed CrossRef MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | PubMed CrossRef MEDLINE - Academic |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: Directory of Open Access Journals url: http://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| EISSN | 1664-042X |
| ExternalDocumentID | oai_doaj_org_article_14576fdf3b7c40888fc12e0b7923dbd5 10_3389_fphys_2021_645392 33746780 |
| Genre | Journal Article |
| GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: Rebecca L. Cooper Medical Research Foundation – fundername: Heart Research Institute |
| GroupedDBID | 53G 5VS 9T4 AAFWJ AAKDD ACGFO ACGFS ACXDI ADBBV ADRAZ AENEX AFPKN ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AOIJS BCNDV DIK EMOBN F5P GROUPED_DOAJ GX1 HYE IAO IEA IHR IHW IPNFZ ISR KQ8 M48 M~E NPM O5R O5S OK1 PGMZT RIG RNS RPM AAYXX CITATION 7X8 5PM |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c417t-f24a44e4ef15c5c0c1a1faf39cad0d07bb38c8dc2aafc65c33dd4af9ea9715fa3 |
| IEDL.DBID | RPM |
| ISSN | 1664-042X |
| IngestDate | Tue Oct 22 15:16:16 EDT 2024 Tue Sep 17 21:06:53 EDT 2024 Sat Oct 26 04:28:11 EDT 2024 Thu Nov 21 23:35:21 EST 2024 Sat Nov 02 12:09:52 EDT 2024 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Keywords | glucoregulatory circuit blood glucose anesthesia-general acute intermittent hypoxia pentobarbital Sprague Dawley rat |
| Language | English |
| License | Copyright © 2021 Nedoboy, Houlahan and Farnham. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c417t-f24a44e4ef15c5c0c1a1faf39cad0d07bb38c8dc2aafc65c33dd4af9ea9715fa3 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 This article was submitted to Respiratory Physiology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Physiology Edited by: Mieczyslaw Pokorski, Opole University, Poland Reviewed by: Silvia Pagliardini, University of Alberta, Canada; Irene C. Solomon, Stony Brook University, United States |
| OpenAccessLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7973217/ |
| PMID | 33746780 |
| PQID | 2503667670 |
| PQPubID | 23479 |
| ParticipantIDs | doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_14576fdf3b7c40888fc12e0b7923dbd5 pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_7973217 proquest_miscellaneous_2503667670 crossref_primary_10_3389_fphys_2021_645392 pubmed_primary_33746780 |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2021-03-05 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2021-03-05 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 03 year: 2021 text: 2021-03-05 day: 05 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | Switzerland |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Switzerland |
| PublicationTitle | Frontiers in physiology |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Front Physiol |
| PublicationYear | 2021 |
| Publisher | Frontiers Media S.A |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Frontiers Media S.A |
| References | Gao (B16) 2014; 5 Newhouse (B39) 2017; 5 Solomon (B55) 1999; 815 Taborsky (B57) 1984; 247 Kakall (B25); 315 Sanhouri (B50) 1991; 147 da Silva Paulitsch (B8) 2019; 54 Shimazu (B54) 2017; 1 Korim (B28) 2016; 157 Rafacho (B46) 2013; 209 Sano (B51) 2016; 311 Meek (B34) 2016; 113 Pamidi (B42) 2012; 35 O’Halloran (B40) 2016; 594 Shell (B53) 2016; 18 Farnham (B12) 2019; 13 Windelov (B62) 2016; 4 Gilmartin (B17) 2010; 299 Louis (B32) 2009; 106 Fagan (B11) 2020; 117 Chan (B3) 2008; 57 Peppard (B44) 2013; 177 Cox (B7) 1979; 237 Jun (B23) 2014; 307 Xing (B63) 2010; 588 Grayson (B19) 2013; 14 Sánchez-Pozo (B49) 1988; 19 Gray (B18) 2017; 13 Thompson (B59) 2016; 594 Frohman (B14) 1971; 221 Narkiewicz (B37) 1997; 15 Nedoboy (B38) 2016; 317 Blackburn (B2) 2018; 124 Menuet (B35) 2014; 34 Bailey (B1) 1975; 9 Oyama (B41) 1973; 45 Pamidi (B43) 2012; 3 Conde (B6) 2007; 585 Mifflin (B36) 2015; 119 Kakall (B24) 2019; 317 Tamisier (B58) 2011; 37 Fu (B15) 2015; 19 Hunyor (B22) 2018; 315 Yacoub (B64) 2017; 7 Kim (B27) 2018; 596 Kakall (B26); 314 López-Barneo (B31) 2003; 13 Tong (B60) 2007; 5 Eikermann (B10) 2009; 110 Verberne (B61) 2010; 299 Chan (B5) 2006; 55 Heinzer (B21) 2015; 3 Hamberger (B20) 1984; 520 Lindberg (B30) 2013; 521 Zhu (B66) 2010; 298 Dick (B9) 2007; 92 Roy (B48) 2018; 596 Chan (B4) 2011; 60 Zhao (B65) 2017; 95 Maruyama (B33) 2019; 314 Tabata (B56) 2001; 281 Field (B13) 1993; 27 Sharpe (B52) 2013; 305 Rajan (B47) 2015; 7 Leung (B29) 2012; 463 Polak (B45) 2013; 36 |
| References_xml | – volume: 311 start-page: H1360 year: 2016 ident: B51 article-title: Effects of various types of anesthesia on hemodynamics, cardiac function, and glucose and lipid metabolism in rats. publication-title: Am. J. Physiol. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00181.2016 contributor: fullname: Sano – volume: 7 year: 2017 ident: B64 article-title: Cardiovascular disease risk in obstructive sleep apnea: an update. publication-title: J. Sleep Disord. Ther. doi: 10.4172/2167-0277.1000283 contributor: fullname: Yacoub – volume: 18 year: 2016 ident: B53 article-title: Neural control of blood pressure in chronic intermittent hypoxia. publication-title: Curr. Hypertens. Rep. doi: 10.1007/s11906-016-0627-8 contributor: fullname: Shell – volume: 463 start-page: 213 year: 2012 ident: B29 article-title: Mechanisms of sleep-disordered breathing: causes and consequences. publication-title: Pflugers Arch. doi: 10.1007/s00424-011-1055-x contributor: fullname: Leung – volume: 281 start-page: R1411 year: 2001 ident: B56 article-title: Role of GABA within the nucleus tractus solitarii in the hypoxic ventilatory decline of awake rats. publication-title: Am. J. Physiol. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.2001.281.5.R1411 contributor: fullname: Tabata – volume: 177 start-page: 1006 year: 2013 ident: B44 article-title: Increased prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in adults. publication-title: Am. J. Epidemiol. doi: 10.1093/aje/kws342 contributor: fullname: Peppard – volume: 106 start-page: 1538 year: 2009 ident: B32 article-title: Effects of acute intermittent hypoxia on glucose metabolism in awake healthy volunteers. publication-title: J. Appl. Physiol. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.91523.2008 contributor: fullname: Louis – volume: 37 start-page: 119 year: 2011 ident: B58 article-title: 14 nights of intermittent hypoxia elevate daytime blood pressure and sympathetic activity in healthy humans. publication-title: Eur. Respir. J. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00204209 contributor: fullname: Tamisier – volume: 124 start-page: 1233 year: 2018 ident: B2 article-title: Hypothalamic PVN contributes to acute intermittent hypoxia-induced sympathetic but not phrenic long-term facilitation. publication-title: J. Appl. Physiol. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00743.2017 contributor: fullname: Blackburn – volume: 1 start-page: 449 year: 2017 ident: B54 article-title: Systemic glucoregulation by glucose-sensing neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH). publication-title: J. Endocr. Soc. doi: 10.1210/js.2016-1104 contributor: fullname: Shimazu – volume: 4 year: 2016 ident: B62 article-title: Use of anesthesia dramatically alters the oral glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in C57Bl/6 mice. publication-title: Physiol. Rep. doi: 10.14814/phy2.12824 contributor: fullname: Windelov – volume: 92 start-page: 87 year: 2007 ident: B9 article-title: Acute intermittent hypoxia increases both phrenic and sympathetic nerve activities in the rat. publication-title: Exp. Physiol. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.2006.035758 contributor: fullname: Dick – volume: 596 start-page: 3149 year: 2018 ident: B48 article-title: Acute intermittent hypoxia with concurrent hypercapnia evokes P2X and TRPV1 receptor-dependent sensory long-term facilitation in naive carotid bodies. publication-title: J. Physiol. doi: 10.1113/JP275001 contributor: fullname: Roy – volume: 307 start-page: E1073 year: 2014 ident: B23 article-title: Intermittent hypoxia-induced glucose intolerance is abolished by alpha-adrenergic blockade or adrenal medullectomy. publication-title: Am. J. Physiol. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00373.2014 contributor: fullname: Jun – volume: 19 start-page: 281 year: 1988 ident: B49 article-title: Metabolic changes induced by urethane-anesthesia in rats. publication-title: Gen. Pharmacol. doi: 10.1016/0306-3623(88)90077-8 contributor: fullname: Sánchez-Pozo – volume: 15 start-page: 1613 year: 1997 ident: B37 article-title: The sympathetic nervous system and obstructive sleep apnea: implications for hypertension. publication-title: J. Hypertens. doi: 10.1097/00004872-199715120-00062 contributor: fullname: Narkiewicz – volume: 14 start-page: 24 year: 2013 ident: B19 article-title: Wired on sugar: the role of the CNS in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. publication-title: Nat. Rev. Neurosci. doi: 10.1038/nrn3409 contributor: fullname: Grayson – volume: 209 start-page: 77 year: 2013 ident: B46 article-title: Glucose homoeostasis in rats exposed to acute intermittent hypoxia. publication-title: Acta Physiol. doi: 10.1111/apha.12118 contributor: fullname: Rafacho – volume: 5 year: 2017 ident: B39 article-title: Three hours of intermittent hypoxia increases circulating glucose levels in healthy adults. publication-title: Physiol. Rep. doi: 10.14814/phy2.13106 contributor: fullname: Newhouse – volume: 60 start-page: 1582 year: 2011 ident: B4 article-title: Increased GABAergic output in the ventromedial hypothalamus contributes to impaired hypoglycemic counterregulation in diabetic rats. publication-title: Diabetes doi: 10.2337/db10-1579 contributor: fullname: Chan – volume: 585 start-page: 721 year: 2007 ident: B6 article-title: Low glucose effects on rat carotid body chemoreceptor cells’ secretory responses and action potential frequency in the carotid sinus nerve. publication-title: J. Physiol. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2007.144261 contributor: fullname: Conde – volume: 521 start-page: 3167 year: 2013 ident: B30 article-title: Conditional viral tracing reveals that steroidogenic factor 1-positive neurons of the dorsomedial subdivision of the ventromedial hypothalamus project to autonomic centers of the hypothalamus and hindbrain. publication-title: J. Comp. Neurol. doi: 10.1002/cne.23338 contributor: fullname: Lindberg – volume: 13 year: 2019 ident: B12 article-title: PACAP-PAC1 receptor activation is necessary for the sympathetic response to acute intermittent hypoxia. publication-title: Front. Neurosci. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00881 contributor: fullname: Farnham – volume: 147 start-page: 42 year: 1991 ident: B50 article-title: Pentobarbitone inhibits the stress response to transport in male goats. publication-title: Br. Vet. J. doi: 10.1016/0007-1935(91)90065-U contributor: fullname: Sanhouri – volume: 113 start-page: E2073 year: 2016 ident: B34 article-title: Functional identification of a neurocircuit regulating blood glucose. publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1521160113 contributor: fullname: Meek – volume: 588 start-page: 3075 year: 2010 ident: B63 article-title: Acute intermittent hypoxia in rat in vivo elicits a robust increase in tonic sympathetic nerve activity that is independent of respiratory drive. publication-title: J. Physiol. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2010.190454 contributor: fullname: Xing – volume: 110 start-page: 1327 year: 2009 ident: B10 article-title: Pentobarbital dose-dependently increases respiratory genioglossus muscle activity while impairing diaphragmatic function in anesthetized rats. publication-title: Anesthesiology doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181a16337 contributor: fullname: Eikermann – volume: 35 start-page: 2384 year: 2012 ident: B42 article-title: Obstructive sleep apnea in young lean men: impact on insulin sensitivity and secretion. publication-title: Diabetes Care doi: 10.2337/dc12-0841 contributor: fullname: Pamidi – volume: 3 year: 2012 ident: B43 article-title: Obstructive sleep apnea and type 2 diabetes: is there a link? publication-title: Front. Neurol. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2012.00126 contributor: fullname: Pamidi – volume: 298 start-page: E971 year: 2010 ident: B66 article-title: Glucose prevents the fall in ventromedial hypothalamic GABA that is required for full activation of glucose counterregulatory responses during hypoglycemia. publication-title: Am. J. Physiol. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00749.2009 contributor: fullname: Zhu – volume: 19 start-page: 1467 year: 2015 ident: B15 article-title: Chronic intermittent hypoxia leads to insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance through dysregulation of adipokines in non-obese rats. publication-title: Sleep Breath. doi: 10.1007/s11325-015-1144-8 contributor: fullname: Fu – volume: 317 start-page: E388 year: 2019 ident: B24 article-title: Repetitive hypoglycemia reduces activation of glucose-responsive neurons in C1 and C3 medullary brain regions to subsequent hypoglycemia. publication-title: Am. J. Physiol. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00051.2019 contributor: fullname: Kakall – volume: 594 start-page: 4091 year: 2016 ident: B40 article-title: Counter-regulatory control of homeostasis during hypoglycaemia: adrenaline hits the sweet spot in the controversy concerning carotid body glucose sensing. publication-title: J. Physiol. doi: 10.1113/JP272506 contributor: fullname: O’Halloran – volume: 815 start-page: 116 year: 1999 ident: B55 article-title: Neurokinin-1 receptors and spinal cord control of blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. publication-title: Brain Res. doi: 10.1016/S0006-8993(98)01107-X contributor: fullname: Solomon – volume: 34 start-page: 15110 year: 2014 ident: B35 article-title: Catecholaminergic C3 neurons are sympathoexcitatory and involved in glucose homeostasis. publication-title: J. Neurosci. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3179-14.2014 contributor: fullname: Menuet – volume: 7 start-page: 113 year: 2015 ident: B47 article-title: Obstructive sleep apnea as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus. publication-title: Nat. Sci. Sleep doi: 10.2147/NSS.S90835 contributor: fullname: Rajan – volume: 13 start-page: 81 year: 2017 ident: B18 article-title: Obstructive sleep apnea without obesity is common and difficult to treat: evidence for a distinct pathophysiological phenotype. publication-title: J. Clin. Sleep Med. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.6394 contributor: fullname: Gray – volume: 117 start-page: 19566 year: 2020 ident: B11 article-title: Essential and sex-specific effects of mGluR5 in ventromedial hypothalamus regulating estrogen signaling and glucose balance. publication-title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.U.S.A. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2011228117 contributor: fullname: Fagan – volume: 594 start-page: 4439 year: 2016 ident: B59 article-title: Adrenaline release evokes hyperpnoea and an increase in ventilatory CO2 sensitivity during hypoglycaemia: a role for the carotid body. publication-title: J. Physiol. doi: 10.1113/JP272191 contributor: fullname: Thompson – volume: 237 start-page: H424 year: 1979 ident: B7 article-title: Influence of anesthesia on the response to carotid hypotension in dogs. publication-title: Am. J. Physiol. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1979.237.4.H424 contributor: fullname: Cox – volume: 27 start-page: 258 year: 1993 ident: B13 article-title: Anaesthetic effects of chloral hydrate, pentobarbitone and urethane in adult male rats. publication-title: Lab. Anim. doi: 10.1258/002367793780745471 contributor: fullname: Field – volume: 317 start-page: 162 year: 2016 ident: B38 article-title: pSer40 tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry identifies the anatomical location of C1 neurons in rat RVLM that are activated by hypotension. publication-title: Neuroscience doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.01.012 contributor: fullname: Nedoboy – volume: 299 start-page: H925 year: 2010 ident: B17 article-title: Chronic intermittent hypoxia in humans during 28 nights results in blood pressure elevation and increased muscle sympathetic nerve activity. publication-title: Am. J. Physiol. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00253.2009 contributor: fullname: Gilmartin – volume: 315 start-page: R669 year: 2018 ident: B22 article-title: Models of intermittent hypoxia and obstructive sleep apnea: molecular pathways and their contribution to cancer. publication-title: Am. J. Physiol. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00036.2018 contributor: fullname: Hunyor – volume: 315 start-page: R1115 ident: B25 article-title: Activation of micro-opioid receptors in the rostral ventrolateral medulla blocks the sympathetic counterregulatory response to glucoprivation. publication-title: Am. J. Physiol. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00248.2018 contributor: fullname: Kakall – volume: 520 start-page: 109 year: 1984 ident: B20 article-title: Anesthetic agents and sympatho-adrenal response to hemorrhage in the rat. publication-title: Acta Chir. Scand. Suppl. contributor: fullname: Hamberger – volume: 119 start-page: 1441 year: 2015 ident: B36 article-title: Neurogenic mechanisms underlying the rapid onset of sympathetic responses to intermittent hypoxia. publication-title: J. Appl. Physiol. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00198.2015 contributor: fullname: Mifflin – volume: 299 start-page: E802 year: 2010 ident: B61 article-title: Rostroventrolateral medullary neurons modulate glucose homeostasis in the rat. publication-title: Am. J. Physiol. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00466.2010 contributor: fullname: Verberne – volume: 596 start-page: 3217 year: 2018 ident: B27 article-title: Sympathoexcitation following intermittent hypoxia in rat is mediated by circulating angiotensin II acting at the carotid body and subfornical organ. publication-title: J. Physiol. doi: 10.1113/JP275804 contributor: fullname: Kim – volume: 247 start-page: R905 year: 1984 ident: B57 article-title: Pentobarbital anesthesia suppresses basal and 2-deoxy-D-glucose-stimulated plasma catecholamines. publication-title: Am. J. Physiol. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.1984.247.5.R905 contributor: fullname: Taborsky – volume: 95 start-page: 138 year: 2017 ident: B65 article-title: A central catecholaminergic circuit controls blood glucose levels during stress. publication-title: Neuron doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.05.031 contributor: fullname: Zhao – volume: 9 start-page: 177 year: 1975 ident: B1 article-title: Blood glucose and plasma insulin levels during prolonged pentobarbitone anaesthesia in the rat. publication-title: Endocrinol. Exp. contributor: fullname: Bailey – volume: 45 start-page: 276 year: 1973 ident: B41 article-title: Endocrine responses to anaesthetic agents. publication-title: Br. J. Anaesth. doi: 10.1093/bja/45.3.276 contributor: fullname: Oyama – volume: 13 start-page: 493 year: 2003 ident: B31 article-title: Oxygen and glucose sensing by carotid body glomus cells. publication-title: Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. doi: 10.1016/S0959-4388(03)00093-X contributor: fullname: López-Barneo – volume: 57 start-page: 1363 year: 2008 ident: B3 article-title: Increased GABAergic tone in the ventromedial hypothalamus contributes to suppression of counterregulatory responses after antecedent hypoglycemia. publication-title: Diabetes doi: 10.2337/db07-1559 contributor: fullname: Chan – volume: 55 start-page: 1080 year: 2006 ident: B5 article-title: Blockade of GABA(A) receptors in the ventromedial hypothalamus further stimulates glucagon and sympathoadrenal but not the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal response to hypoglycemia. publication-title: Diabetes doi: 10.2337/diabetes.55.04.06.db05-0958 contributor: fullname: Chan – volume: 5 year: 2014 ident: B16 article-title: Glucose sensing by carotid body glomus cells: potential implications in disease. publication-title: Front. Physiol. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00398 contributor: fullname: Gao – volume: 314 start-page: 1 year: 2019 ident: B33 article-title: Activation of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus by acute intermittent hypoxia: implications for sympathetic long-term facilitation neuroplasticity. publication-title: Exp. Neurol. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.12.011 contributor: fullname: Maruyama – volume: 314 start-page: H563 ident: B26 article-title: PACAP-(6-38) or kynurenate microinjections in the RVLM prevent the development of sympathetic long-term facilitation after acute intermittent hypoxia. publication-title: Am. J. Physiol. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00596.2017 contributor: fullname: Kakall – volume: 5 start-page: 383 year: 2007 ident: B60 article-title: Synaptic glutamate release by ventromedial hypothalamic neurons is part of the neurocircuitry that prevents hypoglycemia. publication-title: Cell Metab. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2007.04.001 contributor: fullname: Tong – volume: 3 start-page: 310 year: 2015 ident: B21 article-title: Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing in the general population: the hypnoLaus study. publication-title: Lancet Respir. Med. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(15)00043-0 contributor: fullname: Heinzer – volume: 305 start-page: H1772 year: 2013 ident: B52 article-title: Chronic intermittent hypoxia increases sympathetic control of blood pressure: role of neuronal activity in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. publication-title: Am. J. Physiol. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00592.2013 contributor: fullname: Sharpe – volume: 221 start-page: 1596 year: 1971 ident: B14 article-title: Effect of hypothalamic stimulation on plasma glucose, insulin, and glucagon levels. publication-title: Am. J. Physiol. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1971.221.6.1596 contributor: fullname: Frohman – volume: 157 start-page: 810 year: 2016 ident: B28 article-title: Activation of medulla-projecting perifornical neurons modulates the adrenal sympathetic response to hypoglycemia: involvement of orexin type 2 (OX2-R) receptors. publication-title: Endocrinology doi: 10.1210/en.2015-1712 contributor: fullname: Korim – volume: 54 start-page: 28 year: 2019 ident: B8 article-title: Continuous positive airway pressure for adults with obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. publication-title: Sleep Med. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2018.09.030 contributor: fullname: da Silva Paulitsch – volume: 36 start-page: 1483 year: 2013 ident: B45 article-title: Intermittent hypoxia impairs glucose homeostasis in C57BL6/J mice: partial improvement with cessation of the exposure. publication-title: Sleep doi: 10.5665/sleep.3040 contributor: fullname: Polak |
| SSID | ssj0000402001 |
| Score | 2.30405 |
| Snippet | A key feature of sleep disordered breathing syndromes, such as obstructive sleep apnea is intermittent hypoxia. Intermittent hypoxia is well accepted to drive... |
| SourceID | doaj pubmedcentral proquest crossref pubmed |
| SourceType | Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database |
| StartPage | 645392 |
| SubjectTerms | acute intermittent hypoxia anesthesia-general blood glucose glucoregulatory circuit pentobarbital Physiology Sprague Dawley rat |
| SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: Directory of Open Access Journals dbid: DOA link: http://sdu.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV3PaxQxFA61p15E0dZVWyJ4EsYmk2Qyc1y17Z5EWgUvZXj5hXtwtnRnof73fS_ZLt1S8NJrkiHh-_LjveTN9xj7GFLK5FamxeWmg4uV062pjIC6E7FJItDfyLML-_13--2EZHI2qb4oJqzIAxfgjqVGiziFpJz1GpdEm7yso3CkexdcKOqlwt5zpvIeTG6RkOUZE72w7jjRTQH6g7X83GijunrrIMp6_Y8ZmQ9jJe8dPqcv2PO11cinZbQv2U4cXrHLH9gYl-O1o8QffIqbFlpzyzlwStWZRcGXHEv4WQlL5-clHjbyccGnfjVGnu8D_85HNJxHPvt3tbjBr-cDP4fxNft1evLz66xaZ0uovJZ2rFKtQeuoY5LGGy-8BJkgqc5DEEFY51Tr2-BrgOQb45UKQUPqInRWmgRqn-0OiyG-YbyFlELdGNdEp4UyDrRyTgB5MxA6P2Gf7qDrr4ooRo_OBOHcZ5x7wrkvOE_YFwJ305D0rHMBstyvWe7_x_KEfbijpsf5T48aMMTFCnsyeAaT6pyYsINC1aYrpSiZSos1dovErbFs1wzzP1lj25KKkbRvn2Lw79ge4ZEj18x7tjter-Ihe7YMq6M8a28B-jX2dg priority: 102 providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals |
| Title | Pentobarbital Anesthesia Suppresses the Glucose Response to Acute Intermittent Hypoxia in Rat |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33746780 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2503667670 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7973217 https://doaj.org/article/14576fdf3b7c40888fc12e0b7923dbd5 |
| Volume | 12 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://sdu.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1Lb9QwEB6xPaBeEIhXgFZG4oSUXTu28zhuS8teQFUBiQuK_IRIbLLazUrtv2fsbKrdqieuTixb3_gxnz3-BuCD9T4aN5UlTjdhtUu1KGUqqcoq6nJPbXiNvPhWfP1ZfroIMjlyfAsTg_aNbqbt3-W0bf7E2MrV0szGOLHZ1ZfzIkjMsGI2gQn6hnsUPS6_gRFRNtxgIgGrZj4cEiAVzNg0FxIdgmN4zHnIsxHEIPe2o6ja_5CreT9icm8LunwKT3a-I5kPfXwGj1z7HH5d4c84Kdc6pP8gc1y60KfbNIqEhJ1RGnxDsIR8HoLTyfUQFetI35G52faOxFPBZdOj-9yTxe2qu8HaTUuuVf8CflxefD9fpLucCakRrOhTnwklhBPOM2mkoYYp5pXnlVGWWlpozUtTWpMp5U0uDefWCuUrp6qCSa_4Szhqu9a9BlIq722WS507LSiXWgmuNVWB0yhbmQQ-jtDVq0Eao0ZKESCvI-R1gLweIE_gLIB792NQtY4F3fp3vbMt0hBkP956rgsjcPkrvWGZozpoHFptZQLvR9PUOAvC1YZqXbfFliTuxEF7jibwajDVXVOjqRMoDox40JfDLzjwotL2bqC9-e-ab-E4gBCD1uQ7OOrXW3cCk43dnkb2fxrH7j8iS_fO |
| link.rule.ids | 230,315,729,782,786,866,887,2107,27934,27935,53802,53804 |
| linkProvider | National Library of Medicine |
| linkToHtml | http://sdu.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1Lb9QwEB7RIkEvPASUQAtG4oSUXSe28zhuS8si2qoqReKCIj8hEpusdrMS_HvGzqbarTj1Gsey5c9jz2ePvwF4b5wL4MaiQHPjRtlY8ULEgsq0pDZz1PjXyNOv-cX34uOJl8kRw1uYELSvVT1qfs9GTf0rxFbOZ3o8xImNL8-Pcy8xk-TjHbiP9krTDZIeFmDPiWjS32EiBSvHzh8TIBlMk1HGBboEe_CAMZ9pw8tBbmxIQbf_f87m7ZjJjU3o9PEdu_8EHq29TjLpi5_CPds8gx-X2Aia80L5xCFkgoseeoPLWhKf6jOIii8JfiGf-rB2ctXH01rStWSiV50l4TxxVnfoeHdk-nfe_sHadUOuZPccvp2eXB9P43W2hVjzJO9il3LJueXWJUILTXUiEycdK7U01NBcKVbowuhUSqczoRkzhktXWlnmiXCSvYDdpm3sSyCFdM6kmVCZVZwyoSRnSlHp2ZA0pY7gwzDk1bwX1aiQjHioqgBV5aGqeqgiOPKg3Pzo9bDDh3bxs1oPKxIY5E3OOKZyzXHhLJxOUkuVV0c0yogI3g2QVmg__lJENrZdYUsC93CvWkcj2O8hvmlqmCIR5Fvgb_VluwQxDxrda4xf3bnmW3g4vT4_q84-X3x5DXt-QELomziA3W6xsoewszSrN2Hm_wOh6Qx2 |
| linkToPdf | http://sdu.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1Lj9MwEB6xi7TaCw_x2PA0EiekNE5s53Esu1uKgFW1gMQFRX5CJJpUbSrBv2fstFWLOMHVseXEn8eez558A_DSOBfAjUWJ5saNsrHipYgFlVlFbe6o8X8jTz8WV1_Ki0svk7NL9RWC9rVqRu2P-ahtvofYysVcJ9s4sWT24bzwEjNpkSyMS47gJtos5XtEPSzCnhfRdLjHRBpWJc4fFSAhzNJRzgW6BadwwpjPtuElIfc2paDd_zeH88-4yb2NaHL7Pz7hDtzaeJ9kPFS5Czdsew--zrAjNOul8glEyBgXP_QKV40kPuVnEBdfESwhb4bwdnI9xNVa0ndkrNe9JeFccd706ID3ZPpr0f3E1k1LrmV_Hz5PLj-dT-NN1oVY87ToY5dxybnl1qVCC011KlMnHau0NNTQQilW6tLoTEqnc6EZM4ZLV1lZFalwkj2A47Zr7RmQUjpnslyo3CpOmVCSM6Wo9KxImkpH8Go77PViENeokZR4uOoAV-3hqge4InjtgdlV9LrYoaBbfqs3Q4tEBvmTM46pQnNcQEun08xS5VUSjTIighdbWGu0I385IlvbrbEngXu5V6-jETwcYN51tZ0mERQHE-DgXQ6fIO5Bq3uD86N_bvkcTmYXk_r926t3j-HUj0eIgBNP4Lhfru1TOFqZ9bMw-X8D8WkO9g |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Pentobarbital+Anesthesia+Suppresses+the+Glucose+Response+to+Acute+Intermittent+Hypoxia+in+Rat&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+physiology&rft.au=Nedoboy%2C+Polina+E&rft.au=Houlahan%2C+Callum+B&rft.au=Farnham%2C+Melissa+M+J&rft.date=2021-03-05&rft.issn=1664-042X&rft.eissn=1664-042X&rft.volume=12&rft.spage=645392&rft_id=info:doi/10.3389%2Ffphys.2021.645392&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1664-042X&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1664-042X&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1664-042X&client=summon |