Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry of the pig: Protocol development and evaluation

As part of a prospective study in bone mineralisation in adult pigs it was necessary to establish guidelines and to define sites for bone mineral measurements. Particular requirements were that, the protocol should be suitable for a mass screening programme in both postmortem specimens and in live a...

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Published in:	Meat science Vol. 68; no. 2; pp. 235 - 241
Main Authors:	Nielsen, D.H, McEvoy, F.J, Poulsen, H.L, Madsen, M.T, Buelund, L.E, Svalastoga, E
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01-10-2004 Elsevier
Subjects:	Accuracy Animal productions Biological and medical sciences bone density Bone mineralisation bone mineralization calcium dietary minerals dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry feeds Food industries Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology measurement Meat and meat product industries nutrient content nutrient deficiencies phosphorus Pig Precision swine swine feeding Terrestrial animal productions Vertebrates Accuracy Precision Bone mineralisation Pig Vertebrata Meat animals Farming animal Mammalia Development Meat product Artiodactyla Ungulata
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Abstract	As part of a prospective study in bone mineralisation in adult pigs it was necessary to establish guidelines and to define sites for bone mineral measurements. Particular requirements were that, the protocol should be suitable for a mass screening programme in both postmortem specimens and in live animals, and should deliver results of known reliability. Estimates of bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in areas within the 4th metacarpal bone yielded coefficients of variation (CV) in the order of 7% for both regions and estimates in regions which included the entire metacarpal–phalangeal area yielded CV values in the order of 0.7% and 0.6% for BMC and BMD, respectively. A region of interest taken from the coccygeal vertebrae yielded coefficient of variation values of 3% and 2% for BMC and BMD, respectively. Accuracy of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was estimated using a standard curve derived from BMC determined by ashing. There was a high correlation between mineral content determined by DXA and by ashing ( R 2=0.99, p<0.0001). The results suggest that the regions used in this study are suitable for use in large, mass screening, prospective studies.
AbstractList	As part of a prospective study in bone mineralisation in adult pigs it was necessary to establish guidelines and to define sites for bone mineral measurements. Particular requirements were that, the protocol should be suitable for a mass screening programme in both postmortem specimens and in live animals, and should deliver results of known reliability. Estimates of bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in areas within the 4th metacarpal bone yielded coefficients of variation (CV) in the order of 7% for both regions and estimates in regions which included the entire metacarpal¡phalangeal area yielded CV values in the order of 0.7% and 0.6% for BMC and BMD, respectively. A region of interest taken from the coccygeal vertebrae yielded coefficient of variation values of 3% and 2% for BMC and BMD, respectively. Accuracy of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was estimated using a standard curve derived from BMC determined by ashing. There was a high correlation between mineral content determined by DXA and by ashing (R2=0.99, p<0.0001). The results suggest that the regions used in this study are suitable for use in large, mass screening, prospective studies. As part of a prospective study in bone mineralisation in adult pigs it was necessary to establish guidelines and to define sites for bone mineral measurements. Particular requirements were that, the protocol should be suitable for a mass screening programme in both postmortem specimens and in live animals, and should deliver results of known reliability. Estimates of bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in areas within the 4th metacarpal bone yielded coefficients of variation (CV) in the order of 7% for both regions and estimates in regions which included the entire metacarpal-phalangeal area yielded CV values in the order of 0.7% and 0.6% for BMC and BMD, respectively. A region of interest taken from the coccygeal vertebrae yielded coefficient of variation values of 3% and 2% for BMC and BMD, respectively. Accuracy of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was estimated using a standard curve derived from BMC determined by ashing. There was a high correlation between mineral content determined by DXA and by ashing (R(2)=0.99, p<0.0001). The results suggest that the regions used in this study are suitable for use in large, mass screening, prospective studies. As part of a prospective study in bone mineralisation in adult pigs it was necessary to establish guidelines and to define sites for bone mineral measurements. Particular requirements were that, the protocol should be suitable for a mass screening programme in both postmortem specimens and in live animals, and should deliver results of known reliability. Estimates of bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in areas within the 4th metacarpal bone yielded coefficients of variation (CV) in the order of 7% for both regions and estimates in regions which included the entire metacarpal-phalangeal area yielded CV values in the order of 0.7% and 0.6% for BMC and BMD, respectively. A region of interest taken from the coccygeal vertebrae yielded coefficient of variation values of 3% and 2% for BMC and BMD, respectively. Accuracy of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was estimated using a standard curve derived from BMC determined by ashing. There was a high correlation between mineral content determined by DXA and by ashing (R(2)=0.99, p<0.0001). The results suggest that the regions used in this study are suitable for use in large, mass screening, prospective studies. As part of a prospective study in bone mineralisation in adult pigs it was necessary to establish guidelines and to define sites for bone mineral measurements. Particular requirements were that, the protocol should be suitable for a mass screening programme in both postmortem specimens and in live animals, and should deliver results of known reliability. Estimates of bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in areas within the 4th metacarpal bone yielded coefficients of variation (CV) in the order of 7% for both regions and estimates in regions which included the entire metacarpal–phalangeal area yielded CV values in the order of 0.7% and 0.6% for BMC and BMD, respectively. A region of interest taken from the coccygeal vertebrae yielded coefficient of variation values of 3% and 2% for BMC and BMD, respectively. Accuracy of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was estimated using a standard curve derived from BMC determined by ashing. There was a high correlation between mineral content determined by DXA and by ashing ( R 2=0.99, p<0.0001). The results suggest that the regions used in this study are suitable for use in large, mass screening, prospective studies.
Author	Nielsen, D.H McEvoy, F.J Buelund, L.E Poulsen, H.L Madsen, M.T Svalastoga, E
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: D.H surname: Nielsen fullname: Nielsen, D.H organization: Department of Clinical Studies, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Radiology Section, Dyrlaegevej 32, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C., Denmark – sequence: 2 givenname: F.J surname: McEvoy fullname: McEvoy, F.J email: fme@kvl.dk organization: Department of Clinical Studies, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Radiology Section, Dyrlaegevej 32, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C., Denmark – sequence: 3 givenname: H.L surname: Poulsen fullname: Poulsen, H.L organization: Danske Slagterier, The Department for Nutrition and Reproduction, The National Committee for Pig Production, Axeltorv 3, DK-1609 Copenhagen, Denmark – sequence: 4 givenname: M.T surname: Madsen fullname: Madsen, M.T organization: Danske Slagterier, The Department for Nutrition and Reproduction, The National Committee for Pig Production, Axeltorv 3, DK-1609 Copenhagen, Denmark – sequence: 5 givenname: L.E surname: Buelund fullname: Buelund, L.E organization: Department of Clinical Studies, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Radiology Section, Dyrlaegevej 32, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C., Denmark – sequence: 6 givenname: E surname: Svalastoga fullname: Svalastoga, E organization: Department of Clinical Studies, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Radiology Section, Dyrlaegevej 32, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C., Denmark
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phosphorus values, parathoromone assay, and bone analysis publication-title: Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation doi: 10.1177/104063870001200606 contributor: fullname: Hagemoser
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SubjectTerms	Accuracy Animal productions Biological and medical sciences bone density Bone mineralisation bone mineralization calcium dietary minerals dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry feeds Food industries Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology measurement Meat and meat product industries nutrient content nutrient deficiencies phosphorus Pig Precision swine swine feeding Terrestrial animal productions Vertebrates
Title	Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry of the pig: Protocol development and evaluation
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