Hoarding in children and adolescents with obsessive–compulsive disorder: prevalence, clinical correlates, and cognitive behavioral therapy outcome

• Published in: European child & adolescent psychiatry Vol. 28; no. 8; pp. 1097 - 1106
• Main Authors: Højgaard, Davíð R. M. A., Skarphedinsson, Gudmundur, Ivarsson, Tord, Weidle, Bernhard, Nissen, Judith Becker, Hybel, Katja A., Torp, Nor Christian, Melin, Karin, Thomsen, Per Hove
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-08-2019; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adolescents; Behavior modification; Child & adolescent psychiatry; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; Children; Clinical decision making; Clinical outcomes; Clinical variables; Cognitive ability; Cognitive behavioral therapy; Cognitive therapy; Comorbidity; Decision making; Hoarding; Hoarding disorder; Medical diagnosis; Medical prognosis; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Obsessive compulsive disorder; Original Contribution; Pediatrics; Psychiatry; Psykiatri; Severity; Teenagers; NordLOTS; Obsessive-compulsive disorder; Treatment; Hoarding; Pediatric; Cognitive behavioral therapy
• ISSN: 1018-8827; 1435-165X; 1435-165X
• DOI: 10.1007/s00787-019-01276-x

Hoarding, common in pediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), has specific clinical correlates and is associated with poor prognosis. However, there are few studies of hoarding in pediatric OCD. This study estimates the occurrence of hoarding symptoms in a sample of children and adolescents with OCD, investigating possible differences in demographic and clinical variables between pediatric OCD with and without hoarding symptoms. Furthermore, the study investigates whether hoarding symptoms predict poorer treatment outcomes after cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The study sample comprised 269 children and adolescents with OCD, aged 7–17 years, from Denmark, Sweden, and Norway, who were all included in the Nordic long-term obsessive–compulsive disorder Treatment Study. All had an OCD diagnosis according to the DSM-IV and were treated with 14 weekly sessions of manualized, exposure-based CBT. Hoarding symptoms and OCD severity were assessed with the Children’s Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale and group differences in treatment outcome were analyzed using linear mixed-effect modelling. Seventy-two patients (26.8%) had one or more symptoms of hoarding. Comorbid tic disorders (
p 
= 0.005) and indecision (
p 
= 0.024) were more prevalent among those with hoarding symptoms than those without hoarding symptoms. In addition, youth with hoarding symptoms had a different OCD symptom profile. Having symptoms of hoarding did not affect CBT outcome (
p 
= 0.933). Results from the study suggest that CBT is equally effective for those with and without hoarding-related OCD.