Untangling the crosstalk between BRCA1 and R-loops during DNA repair

• Published in: Nucleic acids research Vol. 49; no. 9; pp. 4848 - 4863
• Main Authors: San Martin Alonso, Marta, Noordermeer, Sylvie M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Oxford University Press 21-05-2021
• Subjects: BRCA1 Protein - metabolism; BRCA1 Protein - physiology; DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded; DNA Damage; DNA Repair; DNA Replication; R-Loop Structures; Survey and Summary; Transcription, Genetic
• ISSN: 0305-1048; 1362-4962
• DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab178

Abstract
R-loops are RNA:DNA hybrids assembled during biological processes but are also linked to genetic instability when formed out of their natural context. Emerging evidence suggests that the repair of DNA double-strand breaks requires the formation of a transient R-loop, which eventually must be removed to guarantee a correct repair process. The multifaceted BRCA1 protein has been shown to be recruited at this specific break-induced R-loop, and it facilitates mechanisms in order to regulate R-loop removal. In this review, we discuss the different potential roles of BRCA1 in R-loop homeostasis during DNA repair and how these processes ensure faithful DSB repair.