Healthcare outcomes in patients with HIV infection at a tertiary hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the care of patients with other diseases. Difficulty in access to healthcare during these months has been especially relevant for persons with HIV infection (PWH). This study therefore sought to ascertain the clinical outcomes and effectiveness of the measures impl...

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Published in:Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica Vol. 41; no. 3; pp. 149 - 154
Main Authors: Quirós-González, Víctor, Rubio, Rafael, Pulido, Federico, Rial-Crestelo, David, Martín-Jurado, Carlos, Hernández-Ros, María Ángeles, López-Jiménez, Elena Ana, Ferrari, José Miguel, Caro-Teller, José Manuel, Pinar, Óscar, Pedrera-Jiménez, Miguel, García-Barrio, Noelia, Serrano, Pablo, Bernal, José Luis
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier España, S.L.U 01-03-2023
Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U
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Summary:The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the care of patients with other diseases. Difficulty in access to healthcare during these months has been especially relevant for persons with HIV infection (PWH). This study therefore sought to ascertain the clinical outcomes and effectiveness of the measures implemented among PWH in a region with one of the highest incidence rates in Europe. Retrospective, observational, pre-post intervention study to compare the outcomes of PWH attended at a high-complexity healthcare hospital from March to October 2020 and during the same months across the period 2016–2019. The intervention consisted of home drug deliveries and preferential use of non face-to-face consultations. The effectiveness of the measures implemented was determined by reference to the number of emergency visits, hospitalisations, mortality rate, and percentage of PWH with viral load >50copies, before and after the two pandemic waves. A total of 2760 PWH were attended from January 2016 to October 2020. During the pandemic, there was a monthly mean of 106.87 telephone consultations and 2075 home deliveries of medical drugs dispensed to ambulatory patients. No statistically significant differences were found between the rate of admission of patients with COVID-HIV co-infection and that of the remaining patients (1172.76 admissions/100,000 population vs. 1424.29, p=0.401) or in mortality (11.54% vs. 12.96%, p=0.939). The percentage of PWH with viral load >50copies was similar before and after the pandemic (1.20% pre-pandemic vs. 0.51% in 2020, p=0.078). Our results show that the strategies implemented during the first 8 months of the pandemic prevented any deterioration in the control and follow-up parameters routinely used on PWH. Furthermore, they contribute to the debate about how telemedicine and telepharmacy can fit into future healthcare models. La pandemia causada por el SARS-CoV-2 ha afectado a la atención de pacientes con otras enfermedades. La dificultad en el acceso a la asistencia sanitaria durante estos meses es especialmente relevante en las personas con infección por VIH (PCV). El objetivo del estudio fue conocer los resultados clínicos y la efectividad de las medidas implementadas en PCV en una de las regiones con mayor incidencia de Europa. Estudio observacional retrospectivo, pre-postintervención, comparando los resultados de PCV atendidos en un hospital de alta complejidad entre marzo-octubre de 2020 y el mismo periodo de 2016 a 2019. La intervención consistió en el envío a domicilio de medicamentos y la realización preferente de consultas no presenciales. La efectividad de las medidas implementadas se determinó por el número de visitas a urgencias, hospitalizaciones, mortalidad y porcentaje de PCV con carga viral>50 copias antes y después de 2 olas pandémicas. Se atendieron 2.760 PCV entre enero de 2016 y octubre de 2020. Durante la pandemia se realizaron una media mensual de 106,87 consultas telefónicas y 2.075 envíos a domicilio de medicamentos de dispensación ambulatoria. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la frecuentación de pacientes con coinfección COVID-VIH respecto al resto (1.172,76 ingresos/100.000 habitantes vs. 1.424,29, p=0,401), ni en su mortalidad (11,54 vs. 12,96%, p=0,939). El porcentaje de PCV con carga viral>50 copias fue similar antes y después de la pandemia (1,20% prepandemia vs. 0,51% en 2020, p=0,078). Nuestros resultados revelan que las estrategias implementadas durante los 8 primeros meses de pandemia han evitado el deterioro en parámetros de control y seguimiento empleados habitualmente en PCV. Además, contribuyen a la reflexión sobre el encaje de la telemedicina y telefarmacia en modelos asistenciales futuros.
ISSN:0213-005X
1578-1852
DOI:10.1016/j.eimc.2021.07.013