Epilithic community development on artificial reefs deployed along a cross-shelf environmental gradient off Paraná state, southern Brazil

Concrete modules were deployed on the bottom of the 11, 18 and 30 meters isobaths along a cross-shelf hydrographic gradient off Paraná State, Southern Brazil, with the purpose of studying the colonization of sessile epilithic macroinvertebrates on artificial surfaces. After one year of submersion a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Brazilian journal of oceanography Vol. 59; no. spe1; pp. 43 - 53
Main Authors: Brandini, Frederico, Silva, Ariel Scheffer da
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico 2011
Universidade de São Paulo
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Summary:Concrete modules were deployed on the bottom of the 11, 18 and 30 meters isobaths along a cross-shelf hydrographic gradient off Paraná State, Southern Brazil, with the purpose of studying the colonization of sessile epilithic macroinvertebrates on artificial surfaces. After one year of submersion a total of 63 species of epilithic organisms were identified, dominated by Ostrea puelchana, Chthamalus bisinuatus, Balanus cf spongicola, Astrangia cf rathbuni, Didemnum spp, poryphers and bryozoans. Diversity index and percent cover at reef stations placed at 11, 18 and 30 meters isobaths were respectively 2.28 and 66.7%, 2.79 and 96.6% and 1.66 and 77.4%. Differences of general community structure among the three assemblages were not clearly related to the general environmental conditions at the bottom layers near the reef stations. Turbidity and larval abundance are discussed as important factors affecting colonization processes. Results indicate that depths between 15-20 meters are more suitable for the implementation of large scale artificial reef systems in the inner shelf off Paraná and, possibly, throughout the inner shelves off southern Brazil with similar hydrographic conditions. Blocos quadriláteros de concreto foram assentados no fundo marinho nas isóbatas de 11, 18 e 30 metros ao longo de um transecto na plataforma interna perpendicular a costa do estado do Paraná, Região sudeste do Brasil, com o objetivo de analisar a colonização de macroinvertebrados epilíticos em superfícies artificiais em relação ao gradiente ambiental. Após um ano de submersão foram identificadas 63 espécies de organismos epilíticos dominados por Ostrea puelchana, Chthamalus bisinuatus, Balanus cf spongicola, Astrangia cf rathbuni, Didemnum spp, esponjas e briozoários. Os índices de diversidade e porcentagens de cobertura da macrofauna epilítica nos recifes artificiais assentados sobre as isóbatas de 11, 18 e 30 metros foram respectivamente 2.28 and 66.7%, 2.79 and 96.6% and 1.66 and 77.4%. As diferenças entre a estrutura da comunidade epilítica nas tres isóbatas não foram claramente relacionadas com as condições ambientais no fundo próximo aos recifes artificiais. Turbidez e abundância de larvas do meroplâncton foram considerados fatores importantes no controle da colonização epilítica e nas diferenças entre a estrutura das comunidades observada nos tres recifes experimentais. Os resultados indicam que profundidades entre 15 e 20 metros são mais adequadas para a instalação de sistemas de recifes artificiais em larga escala na plataforma do estado do Paraná e, possivelmente, em toda a região Sudeste do Brasil com características hidrográficas semelhantes.
ISSN:1679-8759
1982-436X
1679-8759
1982-436X
DOI:10.1590/S1679-87592011000500007