Sensitivity analysis of nondestructive magnetic techniques for the restoration of stamped marks on low carbon steel

Restoration of obliterated stamped marks is a common investigative technique used in criminal investigation. Considering the evolution of the obliteration techniques used by criminals, a study of the feasibility of sensitive, effective, and nondestructive techniques is needed. This study aims to eva...

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Published in:	Journal of materials research and technology Vol. 9; no. 1; pp. 162 - 167
Main Authors:	Lima, Mariana G.B., Pacheco, Clara J., Nóbrega, Maria C.S., Pereira, Gabriela R.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier B.V 01-01-2020 Elsevier
Subjects:	Magnetic particle Magneto-optic imaging Obliterated marks Restoration Sensibility Magnetic particle Sensibility Restoration Obliterated marks Magneto-optic imaging
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Abstract	Restoration of obliterated stamped marks is a common investigative technique used in criminal investigation. Considering the evolution of the obliteration techniques used by criminals, a study of the feasibility of sensitive, effective, and nondestructive techniques is needed. This study aims to evaluate the performance and sensibility of two nondestructive techniques: magnetic particle restoration and magneto-optical imaging. To this end, steel samples from automobile chassis were analyzed. The samples were characterized in order to obtain information regarding material microstructure, magnetic characteristic, and hardness, followed by the restoration of stamp marks. Both magnetic particle restoration and magneto-optical imaging were capable of partially restoring the identification code obliterated by overstamping. In addition, nondestructive techniques showed a restoration depth limit of 260 µm below the cavity.
AbstractList	Restoration of obliterated stamped marks is a common investigative technique used in criminal investigation. Considering the evolution of the obliteration techniques used by criminals, a study of the feasibility of sensitive, effective, and nondestructive techniques is needed. This study aims to evaluate the performance and sensibility of two nondestructive techniques: magnetic particle restoration and magneto-optical imaging. To this end, steel samples from automobile chassis were analyzed. The samples were characterized in order to obtain information regarding material microstructure, magnetic characteristic, and hardness, followed by the restoration of stamp marks. Both magnetic particle restoration and magneto-optical imaging were capable of partially restoring the identification code obliterated by overstamping. In addition, nondestructive techniques showed a restoration depth limit of 260 µm below the cavity. Keywords: Restoration, Sensibility, Obliterated marks, Magneto-optic imaging, Magnetic particle Restoration of obliterated stamped marks is a common investigative technique used in criminal investigation. Considering the evolution of the obliteration techniques used by criminals, a study of the feasibility of sensitive, effective, and nondestructive techniques is needed. This study aims to evaluate the performance and sensibility of two nondestructive techniques: magnetic particle restoration and magneto-optical imaging. To this end, steel samples from automobile chassis were analyzed. The samples were characterized in order to obtain information regarding material microstructure, magnetic characteristic, and hardness, followed by the restoration of stamp marks. Both magnetic particle restoration and magneto-optical imaging were capable of partially restoring the identification code obliterated by overstamping. In addition, nondestructive techniques showed a restoration depth limit of 260 µm below the cavity.
Author	Lima, Mariana G.B. Nóbrega, Maria C.S. Pacheco, Clara J. Pereira, Gabriela R.
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Mariana G.B. surname: Lima fullname: Lima, Mariana G.B. email: marianagbl89@gmail.com organization: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – sequence: 2 givenname: Clara J. surname: Pacheco fullname: Pacheco, Clara J. organization: Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing, Corrosion and Welding (LNDC/COPPE), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – sequence: 3 givenname: Maria C.S. surname: Nóbrega fullname: Nóbrega, Maria C.S. organization: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – sequence: 4 givenname: Gabriela R. surname: Pereira fullname: Pereira, Gabriela R. organization: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Keywords	Magnetic particle Sensibility Restoration Obliterated marks Magneto-optic imaging
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enhancement for recovering of abraded and paint-covered alphanumeric identification marks publication-title: Infrared Phys Technol doi: 10.1016/j.infrared.2016.07.008 contributor: fullname: Montanini – volume: 177 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.10.041_bib0035 article-title: Recovering obliterated engraved marks on aluminium surfaces by etching technique publication-title: Forensic Sci Int contributor: fullname: Izhar Mohd – volume: 183 start-page: 50 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.10.041_bib0065 article-title: On the sensitivity of some common metallographic reagents to restoring obliterated marks on medium carbon (0.31% C) steel surfaces publication-title: Forensic Sci Int doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.10.009 contributor: fullname: Yin – year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.10.041_bib0080 contributor: fullname: Troitskiy – volume: 223 start-page: 53 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.10.041_bib0070 article-title: An investigation into the suitability of some etching reagents to restoring obliterated stamped numbers on cast iron engine blocks of cars publication-title: Forensic Sci Int doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.07.020 contributor: fullname: Abdul Wahab – volume: 87 start-page: 232 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.10.041_bib0095 article-title: Dynamic magneto-optical imaging of domains in grain-oriented electrical steel publication-title: Steel Res Int doi: 10.1002/srin.201500013 contributor: fullname: Richert – volume: 32 start-page: 640 year: 1987 ident: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.10.041_bib0030 article-title: Restoration of stamp marks on steel components by etching and magnetic techniques publication-title: J Forensic Sci doi: 10.1520/JFS12368J contributor: fullname: Turley
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SubjectTerms	Magnetic particle Magneto-optic imaging Obliterated marks Restoration Sensibility
Title	Sensitivity analysis of nondestructive magnetic techniques for the restoration of stamped marks on low carbon steel
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