Juxta articular myxoma of the foot: An exceptional entity

• Published in: International journal of surgery case reports Vol. 115; p. 109210
• Main Authors: Messoudi, Abdeljabbar, Fadili, Omar, Fadili, Mustapha, Rafai, Mohamed
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 01-02-2024; Elsevier
• Subjects: Case Report; Foot; Juxta-articular; Myxoma; Rare localization; Juxta-articular; Myxoma; Rare localization; Case report; Foot
• ISSN: 2210-2612; 2210-2612
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.109210

Myxoma, a benign and uncommon tumor, is primarily characterized by undifferentiated spindle cells and a myxoid matrix with muscular infiltration. While the intramuscular form is predominant, the juxta-articular variant is rare, especially in the foot. Juxta-articular myxomas had a heightened risk of recurrence post-surgical excision, emphasizing the need for effective management strategies.
We report the first description in the literature of a myxoma in the foot with bone invasion in a 59-year-old male with a ten-month history of a progressively enlarging antero-internal swelling near the base of the first metatarsal in the left foot. Clinical examination and imaging revealed erosive changes in the bone, prompting excision-curettage. Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of a juxta-articular myxoma, an exceptionally rare localization. The patient exhibited satisfactory outcomes at the 13-month follow-up.
Myxomas, primarily occurring around the knee, are infrequently found in the foot, with juxta-articular presentation being exceptionally rare. Traumatic causes and osteoarthritis are debated etiopathogenic factors. Radiologically, bone involvement is atypical, and magnetic resonance imaging aids in diagnosis. Treatment involves surgical excision, often requiring additional procedures. Juxta-articular myxomas, despite sharing characteristics with intramuscular myxomas, are distinguished by location and a higher recurrence rate.
This case contributes to the limited literature on myxomas localized in the foot, particularly with bone invasion. Histological diagnosis is crucial, and surgery is the mainstay of treatment despite the substantial recurrence risk. This report underscores the importance of vigilance in managing myxomas, especially in rare anatomical presentations, and advocates for ongoing research to enhance understanding and therapeutic approaches.
•Rare Localization: The article highlights the exceptionally rare occurrence of myxomas in the foot, particularly in a juxta-articular presentation with bone invasion.•Challenging Diagnosis and Treatment: Discusses the challenges in diagnosing myxomas in uncommon anatomical sites and emphasizes the surgical approach as the mainstay of treatment, despite the associated high risk of recurrence.•Novel Contribution to the Literature: Presents a unique case, contributing to the limited literature on myxomas, specifically in the foot, thereby expanding the understanding of this rare tumor's diverse presentations.