Bioglass/PLGA associated to photobiomodulation: effects on the healing process in an experimental model of calvarial bone defect

• Published in: Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine Vol. 30; no. 9; pp. 105 - 14
• Main Authors: Magri, Angela Maria Paiva, Fernandes, Kelly Rossetti, Kido, Hueliton Wilian, Fernandes, Gabriela Sodano, Fermino, Stephanie de Souza, Gabbai-Armelin, Paulo Roberto, Braga, Franscisco José Correa, Góes, Cíntia Pereirade, Prado, José Lucas dos Santos, Neves Granito, Renata, Rennó, Ana Claudia Muniz
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01-09-2019; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Animals; Bioglass; Biomaterials; Biomaterials Synthesis and Characterization; Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering; Biomedical materials; Bone healing; Bone Substitutes - chemistry; Bone Substitutes - radiation effects; Bone Substitutes - therapeutic use; Bone surgery; Bone Transplantation - methods; Bones; Cementation - methods; Ceramics; Ceramics - chemistry; Ceramics - therapeutic use; Chemistry and Materials Science; Collagen; Combined Modality Therapy; Composites; Fractures, Bone - therapy; Glass; Granulation; Healing; Immunohistochemistry; In vivo methods and tests; Light; Light therapy; Male; Materials Science; Materials Testing; Natural Materials; Osteogenesis - drug effects; Osteogenesis - radiation effects; Phototherapy - methods; Polyglycolic Acid - chemistry; Polyglycolic Acid - therapeutic use; Polylactide-co-glycolide; Polymer Sciences; Polymers; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Regenerative Medicine/Tissue Engineering; Skull; Skull - drug effects; Skull - injuries; Skull - radiation effects; Surfaces and Interfaces; Surgery; Surgical implants; Therapy; Thin Films; Tissue Engineering; Wound Healing - drug effects
• ISSN: 0957-4530; 1573-4838
• DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6307-x

Bioactive glasses (BG) are known for their ability to bond to bone tissue. However, in critical situations, even the osteogenic properties of BG may be not enough to induce bone consolidation. Thus, the enrichment of BG with polymers such as Poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) and associated to photobiomodulation (PBM) may be a promising strategy to promote bone tissue healing. The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vivo performance of PLGA supplemented BG, associated to PBM therapy, using an experimental model of cranial bone defect in rats. Rats were distributed in 4 different groups (Bioglass, Bioglass/PBM, Bioglas/PLGA and BG/PLGA/PBM). After the surgical procedure to induce cranial bone defects, the pre-set samples were implanted and PBM treatment (low-level laser therapy) started (808 nm, 100 mW, 30 J/cm
2
). After 2 and 6 weeks, animals were euthanized, and the samples were retrieved for the histopathological, histomorphometric, picrosirius red staining and immunohistochemistry analysis. At 2 weeks post-surgery, it was observed granulation tissue and areas of newly formed bone in all experimental groups. At 6 weeks post-surgery, BG/PLGA (with or without PBM) more mature tissue around the biomaterial particles. Furthermore, there was a higher deposition of collagen for BG/PLGA in comparison with BG/PLGA/PBM, at second time-point. Histomorphometric analysis demonstrated higher values of BM.V/TV for BG compared to BG/PLGA (2 weeks post-surgery) and N.Ob/T.Ar for BG/PLGA compared to BG and BG/PBM (6 weeks post-surgery). This current study concluded that the use of BG/PLGA composites, associated or not to PBM, is a promising strategy for bone tissue engineering.