Isolation and Evaluation of New Antagonist Bacillus Strains for the Control of Pathogenic and Mycotoxigenic Fungi of Fig Orchards

• Published in: Applied biochemistry and biotechnology Vol. 186; no. 3; pp. 692 - 711
• Main Authors: Öztopuz, Özlem, Pekin, Gülseren, Park, Ro Dong, Eltem, Rengin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01-11-2018; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Antifungal activity; Antifungal agents; Aspergillus - classification; Aspergillus - drug effects; Aspergillus - metabolism; Bacillus; Bacillus - classification; Bacillus - growth & development; Bacillus - metabolism; Bacterial Toxins - pharmacology; Biochemistry; Biological control; Biomass; Biotechnology; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chitinase; Chitosan - metabolism; Chitosanase; Enzymes - metabolism; Ficus - microbiology; Fungi; Fungicides; Fusarium - drug effects; Fusarium - metabolism; Germination; Lytic enzymes; Molecular chains; Mycotoxins - biosynthesis; Orchards; Pathogens; Pest Control, Biological; Phytopathogenic fungi; Protease; Proteinase; Soil Microbiology; Species Specificity; Spore germination; Spores, Bacterial; Strains (organisms); Lytic enzymes; Mycotoxigenic fungi; Biocontrol; Bacillus
• ISSN: 0273-2289; 1559-0291
• DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2764-9

s
Bacillus
is an antagonistic bacteria that shows high effectiveness against different phytopathogenic fungi and produces various lytic enzymes, such as chitosanase, chitinase, protease, and gluconase. The aim of this study is to determine
Bacillus
spp. for lytic enzyme production and to evaluate the antifungal effects of the selected strains for biocontrol of mycotoxigenic and phytopathogenic fungi. A total of 92 endospore-forming bacterial isolates from the 24 fig orchard soil samples were screened for chitosanase production, and six best chitosanolytic isolates were selected to determine chitinase, protease, and
N
-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase activity and molecularly identified. The antagonistic activities of six
Bacillus
strains against
Aspergillus niger
EGE-K-213,
Aspergillus foetidus
EGE-K-211,
Aspergillus ochraceus
EGE-K-217, and
Fusarium solani
KCTC 6328 were evaluated. Fungal spore germination inhibition and biomass inhibition activities were also measured against
A. niger
EGE-K-213. The results demonstrated that
Bacillus mojavensis
EGE-B-5.2i and
Bacillus thuringiensis
EGE-B-14.1i were more efficient antifungal agents against
A. niger
EGE-K-213.
B. mojavensis
EGE-B-5.2i has shown maximum inhibition of the biomass (30.4%), and
B. thuringiensis
EGE-B-14.1i has shown maximum inhibition of spore germination (33.1%) at 12 h. This is the first study reporting the potential of antagonist
Bacillus
strains as biocontrol agents against mycotoxigenic fungi of fig orchads.