Daily home spirometry facilitates early detection of rejection in single lung transplant recipients with emphysema

• Published in: The European respiratory journal Vol. 6; no. 5; p. 705
• Main Authors: Bjørtuft, O, Johansen, B, Boe, J, Foerster, A, Holter, E, Geiran, O
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England 01-05-1993
• Subjects: Adult; Bacterial Infections - diagnosis; Cytomegalovirus Infections - diagnosis; Follow-Up Studies; Forced Expiratory Volume; Graft Rejection - diagnosis; Graft Rejection - physiopathology; Home Nursing; Humans; Lung Diseases - diagnosis; Lung Diseases - microbiology; Lung Transplantation - physiology; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Emphysema - surgery; Spirometry; Vital Capacity
• ISSN: 0903-1936
• DOI: 10.1183/09031936.93.06050705

Eight single lung transplant recipients with emphysema, aged 40-58 yrs, have been followed up for 90 patient months. Starting 2-4 weeks postoperatively, they recorded their forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), at a fixed time every morning using a Micro Spirometer. They were instructed to contact the hospital if the FVC or FEV1 displayed a persistent (two days or more) decrease of 10%, compared with the average values during the last seven days. Transbronchial biopsies (TBB) were performed regularly in the follow-up, and whenever the patients had respiratory symptoms, or the FVC or FEV1 displayed a persistent decline of more than 10%. We performed 59 TBBs, and 23 biopsy specimens showed rejection. The FVC and FEV1 values on the TBB day were compared with the mean values of the 7 previous days. FVC and FEV1, associated with negative TBBs (16 events), showed no significant changes. However, FVC and FEV1 decreased significantly (p < 0.001, paired t-test) during rejections (mean percentage change 14 and 21% respectively, range +8% to -53%). In 16 of the 23 rejections, the FEV1 decreased by > 10%. We recommend the use of daily home spirometry when monitoring single lung recipients with emphysema, and suggest that a persistent 10% decrease in FEV1 or FVC for at least two days is an indication for hospital admission and possible TBB.