Biomass gasification in fluidized beds: A review of biomass moisture content and operating pressure effects

The global dependence on fossil reserves as well as the environmental aspects related to them are some of the factors that propel research on renewable energy forms. Gasification, a thermochemical process that converts carbonaceous resources into syngas, is an advantageous alternative due to its rel...

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Published in:	Renewable & sustainable energy reviews Vol. 94; pp. 998 - 1023
Main Authors:	Motta, Ingrid Lopes, Miranda, Nahieh Toscano, Maciel Filho, Rubens, Wolf Maciel, Maria Regina
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier Ltd 01-10-2018
Subjects:	Biomass gasification Fluidized bed Gasifier Moisture content Pressure Syngas WGS BIGCC S/B CHP PFB PFD eph,syngas HGCU ech,biomass BtL DOE CEDER eagent IEA CHRISGAS ER Pressure SEA CHxOy PCA LHVbiomass Biomass gasification KIT MWth PICHTR CFB FEED MWfuel SOFC Fluidized bed CHOREN HTL FTS IRENA ψ SNG Syngas HT-WGS Vg RDF Moisture content Mbiomass PLS TPS HHV VTT IGCC DME wt CGE FICFB PDU ASU CCE Gasifier ech,syngas CCG nagent LHVi GV MSW xi CCS PAH IGT nsyngas UCG MWe LHVsyngas GTI SCO ATR BFB HRSG
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Abstract	The global dependence on fossil reserves as well as the environmental aspects related to them are some of the factors that propel research on renewable energy forms. Gasification, a thermochemical process that converts carbonaceous resources into syngas, is an advantageous alternative due to its relatively low costs, high efficiencies, and syngas’ wide variety of applications. Although gasification is a very promising heat, power, and fuel production technique, there is still a field of improvement in gasification in fluidized beds when it comes to operation under high pressure and with feedstocks containing moderate or high moisture contents. Thus, to provide enough information to address such questions, the present work aims at bringing an overview of gasification concepts, as well as an in-depth discussion based on simulation, laboratory- and demonstration-scale works of the effects of biomass water content and pressure on different parameters of several fluidized bed gasifiers. Moreover, diverse strategies for handling high-moisture content biomass materials are presented, as well as the achievements and technical difficulties encountered by worldwide development and demonstration plant projects that designed and used pressurized fluidized-bed gasifiers. •Effect of biomass moisture and pressure on fluidized bed gasification was reviewed.•Biomass moisture reduces bed temperature and increases energy requirements.•Co-gasification, torrefaction and HTL as pretreatment methods to reduce moisture.•High pressures create operating difficulties and affect gas composition, but increase gas yields and CGE.•Previous experiences of large-scale pressurized biomass gasifiers were described.
AbstractList	The global dependence on fossil reserves as well as the environmental aspects related to them are some of the factors that propel research on renewable energy forms. Gasification, a thermochemical process that converts carbonaceous resources into syngas, is an advantageous alternative due to its relatively low costs, high efficiencies, and syngas’ wide variety of applications. Although gasification is a very promising heat, power, and fuel production technique, there is still a field of improvement in gasification in fluidized beds when it comes to operation under high pressure and with feedstocks containing moderate or high moisture contents. Thus, to provide enough information to address such questions, the present work aims at bringing an overview of gasification concepts, as well as an in-depth discussion based on simulation, laboratory- and demonstration-scale works of the effects of biomass water content and pressure on different parameters of several fluidized bed gasifiers. Moreover, diverse strategies for handling high-moisture content biomass materials are presented, as well as the achievements and technical difficulties encountered by worldwide development and demonstration plant projects that designed and used pressurized fluidized-bed gasifiers. •Effect of biomass moisture and pressure on fluidized bed gasification was reviewed.•Biomass moisture reduces bed temperature and increases energy requirements.•Co-gasification, torrefaction and HTL as pretreatment methods to reduce moisture.•High pressures create operating difficulties and affect gas composition, but increase gas yields and CGE.•Previous experiences of large-scale pressurized biomass gasifiers were described.
Author	Wolf Maciel, Maria Regina Miranda, Nahieh Toscano Motta, Ingrid Lopes Maciel Filho, Rubens
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Ingrid Lopes surname: Motta fullname: Motta, Ingrid Lopes email: ingridmotta2@gmail.com – sequence: 2 givenname: Nahieh Toscano surname: Miranda fullname: Miranda, Nahieh Toscano – sequence: 3 givenname: Rubens surname: Maciel Filho fullname: Maciel Filho, Rubens – sequence: 4 givenname: Maria Regina surname: Wolf Maciel fullname: Wolf Maciel, Maria Regina
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Snippet	The global dependence on fossil reserves as well as the environmental aspects related to them are some of the factors that propel research on renewable energy...
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Title	Biomass gasification in fluidized beds: A review of biomass moisture content and operating pressure effects
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