Dark halo microphysics and massive black hole scaling relations in galaxies

• Published in: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol. 445; no. 4; pp. 3415 - 3434
• Main Authors: Saxton, Curtis J., Soria, Roberto, Wu, Kinwah
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Oxford University Press 21-12-2014
• Subjects: Astronomy; Black holes; Black holes (astronomy); Dark matter; Density; Dispersions; Entropy; Galactic halos; Galaxies; Globular clusters; Microphysics; Stars & galaxies; galaxies: structure; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; black hole physics; globular clusters: general; dark matter; galaxies: haloes
• ISSN: 0035-8711; 1365-2966
• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stu1984

We investigate the black hole (BH) scaling relation in galaxies
using a model in which the galaxy halo and central BH are a self-gravitating sphere of dark matter (DM) with an isotropic, adiabatic equation of state. The equipotential where the escape velocity approaches the speed of light defines the horizon of the BH. We find that the BH mass (m
•) depends on the DM entropy, when the effective thermal degrees of freedom (F) are specified. Relations between BH and galaxy properties arise naturally, with the BH mass and DM velocity dispersion following m
• ∝ σ
F/2 (for global mean density set by external cosmogony). Imposing observationally derived constraints on F provides insight into the microphysics of DM. Given that DM velocities and stellar velocities are comparable, the empirical correlation between m
• and stellar velocity dispersions σ⋆ implies that 7 ≲ F < 10. A link between m
• and globular cluster properties also arises because the halo potential binds the globular cluster swarm at large radii. Interestingly, for F > 6 the dense dark envelope surrounding the BH approaches the mean density of the BH itself, while the outer halo can show a nearly uniform kpc-scale core resembling those observed in galaxies.