Effect of glutamine supplementation on changes in the immune system induced by repeated exercise

• Published in: Medicine and science in sports and exercise Vol. 30; no. 6; pp. 856 - 862
• Main Authors: ROHDE, THOMAS, MacLEAN, DAVE A, PEDERSEN, BENTE K
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hagerstown, MD Williams & Wilkins 01-06-1998; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
• Subjects: Adult; Biological and medical sciences; Exercise - physiology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fundamental immunology; Glutamine - administration & dosage; Glutamine - pharmacology; Humans; Immunity, Cellular - physiology; Immunobiology; Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated - physiology; Lymphocyte Activation; Lymphocyte Count; Male; Modulation of the immune response (stimulation, suppression); Physical Endurance - physiology; Natural killer cell; Physical exercise; Human; Cell proliferation; Immunomodulation; Bicycle ergometer; Lymphokine; Supplementation; Lymphocyte; Feeding; Glutamine; Immune system
• ISSN: 0195-9131; 1530-0315
• DOI: 10.1097/00005768-199806000-00013

Effect of glutamine supplementation on changes in the immune system induced by repeated exercise. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 30, No. 6, pp. 856-862, 1998. The ability of lymphocytes to proliferate and generate lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cell activity in vitro is dependent on glutamine. In relation to intense exercise the lymphocyte concentration, the proliferative response, the natural killer and LAK cell activity, and the plasma glutamine concentration decline. It has been hypothesized that in relation to physical activity a lack of glutamine may temporarily affect the function of the immune system.
PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of glutamine supplementation on exercise-induced immune changes.
METHODS:In a randomized cross-over placebo-controlled study, eight healthy male subjects performed three bouts of ergometer bicycle exercise lasting 60, 45, and 30 min at 75% of their V˙O2max separated by 2 h of rest.
RESULTS:The arterial plasma glutamine concentration declined from 508 ± 35 (pre-exercise) to 402 ± 38 μM (2 h after the last exercise bout) in the placebo trial and was maintained above pre-exercise levels in the glutamine supplementation trial. The numbers of circulating lymphocytes and the phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocyte proliferative response declined 2 h after, respectively, during each bout of exercise, whereas the LAK cell activity declined 2 h after the third bout. Glutamine supplementation in vivo, given in the described doses at the specific times, did not influence these changes.
CONCLUSION:The present study does not appear to support the hypothesis that those aspects of postexercise immune changes studied are caused by decreased plasma glutamine concentrations.