Superior Risk Stratification With Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Using a Comprehensive Atherosclerotic Risk Score

• Published in: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging Vol. 12; no. 10; pp. 1987 - 1997
• Main Authors: van Rosendael, Alexander R., Shaw, Leslee J., Xie, Joe X., Dimitriu-Leen, Aukelien C., Smit, Jeff M., Scholte, Arthur J., van Werkhoven, Jacob M., Callister, Tracy Q., DeLago, Augustin, Berman, Daniel S., Hadamitzky, Martin, Hausleiter, Jeorg, Al-Mallah, Mouaz H., Budoff, Matthew J., Kaufmann, Philipp A., Raff, Gilbert, Chinnaiyan, Kavitha, Cademartiri, Filippo, Maffei, Erica, Villines, Todd C., Kim, Yong-Jin, Feuchtner, Gudrun, Lin, Fay Y., Jones, Erica C., Pontone, Gianluca, Andreini, Daniele, Marques, Hugo, Rubinshtein, Ronen, Achenbach, Stephan, Dunning, Allison, Gomez, Millie, Hindoyan, Niree, Gransar, Heidi, Leipsic, Jonathon, Narula, Jagat, Min, James K., Bax, Jeroen J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01-10-2019
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Computed Tomography Angiography; Coronary Angiography - methods; Coronary Artery Disease - complications; Coronary Artery Disease - diagnostic imaging; Coronary Artery Disease - mortality; coronary computed tomography angiography; Coronary Stenosis - complications; Coronary Stenosis - diagnostic imaging; Coronary Stenosis - mortality; Coronary Vessels - diagnostic imaging; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Multidetector Computed Tomography; Myocardial Infarction - etiology; Myocardial Infarction - mortality; Plaque, Atherosclerotic; Predictive Value of Tests; Progression-Free Survival; Reproducibility of Results; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; risk stratification; Severity of Illness Index; stable coronary artery disease; CTA; risk stratification; coronary computed tomography angiography; NRI; CI; CAD; CAD-RADS; HR; stable coronary artery disease; BMI
• ISSN: 1936-878X; 1876-7591
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2018.10.024

This study was designed to assess the prognostic value of a new comprehensive coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) score compared with the stenosis severity component of the Coronary Artery Disease-Reporting and Data System (CAD-RADS).
Current risk assessment with coronary CTA is mainly focused on maximal stenosis severity. Integration of plaque extent, location, and composition in a comprehensive model may improve risk stratification.
A total of 2,134 patients with suspected but without known CAD were included. The predictive value of the comprehensive CTA score (ranging from 0 to 42 and divided into 3 groups: 0 to 5, 6 to 20, and >20) was compared with the CAD-RADS combined into 3 groups (0% to 30%, 30% to 70% and ≥70% stenosis). Its predictive performance was internally and externally validated (using the 5-year follow-up dataset of the CONFIRM [Coronary CT Angiography Evaluation for Clinical Outcomes: An International Multicenter Registry], n = 1,971).
The mean age of patients was 55 ± 13 years, mean follow-up 3.6 ± 2.8 years, and 130 events (myocardial infarction or death) occurred. The new, comprehensive CTA score showed strong and independent predictive value using the Cox proportional hazard analysis. A model including clinical variables plus comprehensive CTA score showed better discrimination of events compared with a model consisting of clinical variables plus CAD-RADS (0.768 vs. 0.742, p = 0.001). Also, the comprehensive CTA score correctly reclassified a significant proportion of patients compared with the CAD-RADS (net reclassification improvement 12.4%, p < 0.001). Good predictive accuracy was reproduced in the external validation cohort.
The new comprehensive CTA score provides better discrimination and reclassification of events compared with the CAD-RADS score based on stenosis severity only. The score retained similar prognostic accuracy when externally validated. Anatomic risk scores can be improved with the addition of extent, location, and compositional measures of atherosclerotic plaque. (Comprehensive CTA risk score calculator is available at: http://18.224.14.19/calcApp/)
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