Effect of water exchange with mangrove enclosures based on nitrogen budget in Penaeus monodon aquaculture ponds

• Published in: Fisheries science Vol. 73; no. 2; pp. 221 - 226
• Main Authors: SHIMODA, Toru, FUJIOKA, Yoshimi, SRITHONG, Chumpol, ARYUTHAKA, Chittima
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Melbourne, Australia Blackwell Publishing Asia 01-04-2007; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Aquaculture; Brackish; Experiments; Larvae; mangrove; Mangroves; Nitrogen; nitrogen budget; Penaeus monodon; Ponds; Rhizophora mucronata; Shellfish; shrimp aquaculture; Water exchange; water purification
• ISSN: 0919-9268; 1444-2906
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1444-2906.2007.01327.x

A model experiment in which water was circulated between shrimp aquaculture ponds (Ponds 1, 2, and 5), and mangrove enclosures (Ponds 3 and 4), was carried out at the Samut Songkhram Coastal Aquatic Research Station, Thailand, from March through July 2003. Five ponds with a size of 40 m × 20 m and 1.5 m deep were used for this experiment. Ten thousand shrimp larvae Penaeus monodon at the PL‐15 stage were stocked in Ponds 1 and 5, and 20 000 larvae were stocked in Pond 2. Mangrove Rhizophora mucronata (476 trees) had been planted in each of Ponds 3 and 4 in July 2002. Approximately 30% of the water in Ponds 2 and 5 was moved to the mangrove enclosures by siphon (Ponds 3 and 4, respectively) every Thursday, and the same amount was returned to the shrimp ponds by pump every Monday over the 136‐day experiment. Shrimp incorporated 30.3, 25.6, and 33.7% of the input nitrogen as feed in Ponds 1, 2, and 5. Since 2.02 kg N in Pond 2 and 0.76 kg N in Pond 5 was transported to the mangrove ecosystem, and 4.26 kg N in Pond 2 and 3.98 kg N in Pond 5 was retained in water and mud, it was estimated that between 2.1 and 5.2 unit areas of mangroves is required to remove the nitrogen remaining in the aquaculture pond.