Biological Effects of Animal Venoms on the Human Immune System

Biological Effects of Animal Venoms on the Human Immune System

Venoms are products of specialized glands and serve many living organisms to immobilize and kill prey, start digestive processes and act as a defense mechanism. Venoms affect different cells, cellular structures and tissues, such as skin, nervous, hematological, digestive, excretory and immune syste...

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Published in:Toxins Vol. 14; no. 5; p. 344
Main Authors: Avalo, Zharick, Barrera, María Claudia, Agudelo-Delgado, Manuela, Tobón, Gabriel J, Cañas, Carlos A
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 16-05-2022
MDPI
Subjects:
adaptive immune system
Adaptive systems
Animals
Autoimmune Diseases
Biological effects
Body Fluids
Cellular structure
Digestion
Drug development
envenomation
Gene expression
Health aspects
Humans
Immune System
Immunology
Immunomodulation
immunomodulatory
immunosuppression
Immunosuppressive agents
innate immune system
Kinases
Metabolites
Microorganisms
Neutrophils
Nitric oxide
Peptides
Phosphorylation
Physiological aspects
Prey
R&D
Research & development
Review
Snakes
Toxins
Venom
Venoms
Colombia
immunosuppression
adaptive immune system
envenomation
immunomodulatory
innate immune system
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Abstract Venoms are products of specialized glands and serve many living organisms to immobilize and kill prey, start digestive processes and act as a defense mechanism. Venoms affect different cells, cellular structures and tissues, such as skin, nervous, hematological, digestive, excretory and immune systems, as well as the heart, among other structures. Components of both the innate and adaptive immune systems can be stimulated or suppressed. Studying the effects on the cells and molecules produced by the immune system has been useful in many biomedical fields. The effects of venoms can be the basis for research and development of therapeutic protocols useful in the modulation of the immunological system, including different autoimmune diseases. This review focuses on the understanding of biological effects of diverse venom on the human immune system and how some of their components can be useful for the study and development of immunomodulatory drugs.
AbstractList Venoms are products of specialized glands and serve many living organisms to immobilize and kill prey, start digestive processes and act as a defense mechanism. Venoms affect different cells, cellular structures and tissues, such as skin, nervous, hematological, digestive, excretory and immune systems, as well as the heart, among other structures. Components of both the innate and adaptive immune systems can be stimulated or suppressed. Studying the effects on the cells and molecules produced by the immune system has been useful in many biomedical fields. The effects of venoms can be the basis for research and development of therapeutic protocols useful in the modulation of the immunological system, including different autoimmune diseases. This review focuses on the understanding of biological effects of diverse venom on the human immune system and how some of their components can be useful for the study and development of immunomodulatory drugs.
Audience Academic
Author Avalo, Zharick
Barrera, María Claudia
Cañas, Carlos A
Agudelo-Delgado, Manuela
Tobón, Gabriel J
AuthorAffiliation 3 Department of Medical Microbiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62901, USA; gtobon56@siumed.edu
5 Centro de Investigación en Reumatología, Autoinmunidad y Medicina Traslacional (CIRAT), Universidad Icesi, Cali 760031, Colombia
1 Escuela de Bacteriología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Cali 76001, Colombia; zharick.avalo@correounivalle.edu.co (Z.A.); manuela.agudelo@correounivalle.edu.co (M.A.-D.)
2 Department de Microbiología, Universidad del Valle, Cali 76001, Colombia; maria.claudia.barrera@correounivalle.edu.co
4 Unidad de Reumatología, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali 760032, Colombia
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Escuela de Bacteriología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Cali 76001, Colombia; zharick.avalo@correounivalle.edu.co (Z.A.); manuela.agudelo@correounivalle.edu.co (M.A.-D.)
– name: 5 Centro de Investigación en Reumatología, Autoinmunidad y Medicina Traslacional (CIRAT), Universidad Icesi, Cali 760031, Colombia
– name: 3 Department of Medical Microbiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62901, USA; gtobon56@siumed.edu
– name: 4 Unidad de Reumatología, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali 760032, Colombia
– name: 2 Department de Microbiología, Universidad del Valle, Cali 76001, Colombia; maria.claudia.barrera@correounivalle.edu.co
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Zharick
  surname: Avalo
  fullname: Avalo, Zharick
  organization: Escuela de Bacteriología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Cali 76001, Colombia
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  givenname: María Claudia
  surname: Barrera
  fullname: Barrera, María Claudia
  organization: Department de Microbiología, Universidad del Valle, Cali 76001, Colombia
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  givenname: Manuela
  orcidid: 0000-0002-3831-7930
  surname: Agudelo-Delgado
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  givenname: Gabriel J
  surname: Tobón
  fullname: Tobón, Gabriel J
  organization: Department of Medical Microbiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62901, USA
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  givenname: Carlos A
  surname: Cañas
  fullname: Cañas, Carlos A
  organization: Centro de Investigación en Reumatología, Autoinmunidad y Medicina Traslacional (CIRAT), Universidad Icesi, Cali 760031, Colombia
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35622591$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords immunosuppression
adaptive immune system
envenomation
immunomodulatory
innate immune system
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Snippet Venoms are products of specialized glands and serve many living organisms to immobilize and kill prey, start digestive processes and act as a defense...
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StartPage 344
SubjectTerms adaptive immune system
Adaptive systems
Animals
Autoimmune Diseases
Biological effects
Body Fluids
Cellular structure
Digestion
Drug development
envenomation
Gene expression
Health aspects
Humans
Immune System
Immunology
Immunomodulation
immunomodulatory
immunosuppression
Immunosuppressive agents
innate immune system
Kinases
Metabolites
Microorganisms
Neutrophils
Nitric oxide
Peptides
Phosphorylation
Physiological aspects
Prey
R&D
Research & development
Review
Snakes
Toxins
Venom
Venoms
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Title Biological Effects of Animal Venoms on the Human Immune System
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35622591
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