Review of electromagnetic coupling between the Earth's atmosphere and the space environment

• Published in: Journal of atmospheric and solar-terrestrial physics Vol. 67; no. 6; pp. 637 - 658
• Main Authors: Siingh, Devendraa, Singh, R.P., Kamra, A.K., Gupta, P.N., Singh, Rajesh, Gopalakrishnan, V., Singh, A.K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01-04-2005; Elsevier
• Subjects: Earth, ocean, space; ELF/VLF wave; Exact sciences and technology; External geophysics; Fair-weather atmospheric electrical conductivity; Ionosphere; Lightning discharge; Magnetosphere; Optical emissions (Sprites, blue jet, elves); Physics of the high neutral atmosphere; Physics of the ionosphere; Physics of the magnetosphere; Schumann resonance; Thunderstorm; ULF waves; Whistler waves; ELF/VLF wave; Lightning discharge; Optical emissions (Sprites, blue jet, elves); ULF waves; Whistler waves; Fair-weather atmospheric electrical conductivity; Schumann resonance; Thunderstorm; Magnetosphere; Ionosphere; lightning; Earth atmosphere; Energy transport; electrical properties; elves); Schumann resonance; Thunderstorm; ULF waves; Whistler waves; blue jet; ionosphere; resonance; Earth surface; Whistler wave; Electromagnetic coupling; Fair-weather atmospheric electrical conductivity; ELF/VLF wave; Ionosphere; Lightning discharge; Magnetosphere; Optical emissions (Sprites; magnetosphere; Light emission; Electromagnetic power; Jet; Upper atmosphere; electrical conductivity
• ISSN: 1364-6826; 1879-1824
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2004.09.006

We review our understanding of the electrical properties of the lower and upper atmosphere along with various possible sources of the electromagnetic energy near and far above the Earth's surface. The transport of electromagnetic energy from the atmosphere to the ionosphere and then to the magnetosphere and back to the Earth's surface via ionosphere and lower atmosphere is discussed. The electromagnetic coupling of various regions is also discussed.