Phytochemistry and antiplasmodial activity of Xylopia sericea leaves

• Published in: Natural product research Vol. 34; no. 24; pp. 3526 - 3530
• Main Authors: Gontijo, Douglas Costa, Nascimento, Maria Fernanda Alves do, Brandão, Geraldo Célio, Oliveira, Alaíde Braga de
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Taylor & Francis 16-12-2020; Taylor & Francis Ltd
• Subjects: acetogenins; alkaloids; Animals; Annonaceae; Antimalarials - chemistry; Antimalarials - pharmacology; Antimalarials - toxicity; antiplasmodial; Antiprotozoal agents; Aporphines - chemistry; Aporphines - pharmacology; Chemical composition; Chloroquine; Chloroquine - pharmacology; Chromatography, Gas; Chromatography, Liquid; Cytotoxicity; Dichloromethane; dichloromethane extract; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Erythrocytes; essential oil; Essential oils; Fractionation; Furans - pharmacology; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; Isomers; Lactones - pharmacology; Liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Oils & fats; Oils, Volatile - chemistry; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plant Leaves - chemistry; Plasmodium falciparum; Plasmodium falciparum - drug effects; Toxicity; Xylopia; Xylopia - chemistry; mass Spectrometry; alkaloids; dichloromethane extract; Annonaceae; essential oil; acetogenins; antiplasmodial
• ISSN: 1478-6419; 1478-6427
• DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1577838

Aiming to investigate the antiplasmodial activity and the phytochemical composition of Xylopia sericea leaves, the essential oil and dichloromethane extract were analyzed by gas and liquid chromatography, respectively, both of them coupled to mass spectrometry, and were evaluated against the chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strain (W2) and for cytotoxicity to HepG2 cells. Low growth inhibition of P. falciparum as well as low cytotoxicity to HepG2 cells were observed for the essential oil. The leaves dichloromethane extract showed moderate growth inhibition of P. falciparum and low cytotoxicity to HepG2 cells. Bioguided chromatographic fractionation of this extract led to fractions with increased antiplasmodial activity from which liriodenine (IC
50
6.1 ± 0.1 μg/mL, CC
50
> 1000.0 μg/mL, SI > 164), an aporphine alkaloid, and an acetogenin-rich fraction containing mainly isomers of annomontacin and 4-deoxy-annomontacin (IC
50
22.7 ± 1.9 µg/mL, CC
50
336.1 ± 15.5 µg/mL, SI = 15) might be highlighted for their antiplasmodial activity.