Acute lower limb ischemia: Pathogenesis and management

Acute lower limb ischemia continues to be a problem both in diagnosis and management. The high mortality rate appears to be related to the metabolic consequences of ischemia, a function not only of time, but also of severity. The etiology of acute ischemia is reviewed along with the pathophysiologic...

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Published in:World journal of surgery Vol. 7; no. 3; pp. 340 - 346
Main Authors: Lusby, Robert J., Wylie, Edwin J.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York Springer‐Verlag 01-05-1983
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Abstract Acute lower limb ischemia continues to be a problem both in diagnosis and management. The high mortality rate appears to be related to the metabolic consequences of ischemia, a function not only of time, but also of severity. The etiology of acute ischemia is reviewed along with the pathophysiological response. The management of the patient centers on diagnosis of cause and estimation of the severity of ischemia. Correction of metabolic disturbances and early restoration of flow is the preferred treatment, although there remains a place for late operative intervention in patients with less severe symptoms. Despite improved diagnostic and operative techniques, the thrombotic and metabolic changes that occur in the small vessels and muscular tissues appear to limit the success rate, with mortality rates remaining around 25%. Résumé L'ischémie aiguË du membre inférieur continue à poser des problèmes de diagnostic et de traitement. La haute mortalité est en corrélation avec les conséquences métaboliques de l'ischémie. Elle est fonction non seulement de sa durée mais aussi de sa gravité. L'étiologie de l'ischémie aiguË et ses conséquences physiopathologiques sont passées en revue. Le traitement est centré sur le diagnostic étiologique et sur l'intensité de l'ischémie aiguË. La correction des altérations métaboliques et la restauration rapide du flux artériel constituent le meilleur traitement, bien que reste une place pour l'intervention tardive lorsque les symptÔmes sont relativement modérés. Malgré l'amélioration du diagnostic et des techniques opératoires, les altérations métaboliques et la thrombose qui se manifestent au niveau des petits vaisseaux et du tissu musculaire font que le taux de la mortalité est voisin de 25%. o La isquemia aguda de las extremidades continÚa siendo un problema tanto en el diagnóstico como en el tratamiento. La elevada mortalidad parece estar relacionado con las consecuencias metabólicas de la isquemia, una función no solo de tiempo, sino también de severidad. Se revisa la etiología de la isquemia aguda junto con la respuesta patofisiológica. El manejo del paciente se fundamenta en el diagnóstico de la causa y en la estimatión de la severidad de la isquemia. La corrección de las alteraciones metabólicas y el pronto restablecimiento del flujo constituyen el tratamiento de preferencia, aÚn cuando deja margen para la intervención tardía en pacientes con síntomas menos severos. A pesar de los avances en las técnicas de diagnóstico y operatorias, las alteraciones trombóticas y metabólicas que ocurren en los vasos menores y en los tejidos musculares aparecen limitando las tasas de éxito, con mortalidades residuales de alrededor de 25%.
AbstractList Abstract Acute lower limb ischemia continues to be a problem both in diagnosis and management. The high mortality rate appears to be related to the metabolic consequences of ischemia, a function not only of time, but also of severity. The etiology of acute ischemia is reviewed along with the pathophysiological response. The management of the patient centers on diagnosis of cause and estimation of the severity of ischemia. Correction of metabolic disturbances and early restoration of flow is the preferred treatment, although there remains a place for late operative intervention in patients with less severe symptoms. Despite improved diagnostic and operative techniques, the thrombotic and metabolic changes that occur in the small vessels and muscular tissues appear to limit the success rate, with mortality rates remaining around 25%. Résumé L'ischémie aiguË du membre inférieur continue à poser des problèmes de diagnostic et de traitement. La haute mortalité est en corrélation avec les conséquences métaboliques de l'ischémie. Elle est fonction non seulement de sa durée mais aussi de sa gravité. L'étiologie de l'ischémie aiguË et ses conséquences physiopathologiques sont passées en revue. Le traitement est centré sur le diagnostic étiologique et sur l'intensité de l'ischémie aiguË. La correction des altérations métaboliques et la restauration rapide du flux artériel constituent le meilleur traitement, bien que reste une place pour l'intervention tardive lorsque les symptÔmes sont relativement modérés. Malgré l'amélioration du diagnostic et des techniques opératoires, les altérations métaboliques et la thrombose qui se manifestent au niveau des petits vaisseaux et du tissu musculaire font que le taux de la mortalité est voisin de 25%. Abstracto La isquemia aguda de las extremidades continÚa siendo un problema tanto en el diagnóstico como en el tratamiento. La elevada mortalidad parece estar relacionado con las consecuencias metabólicas de la isquemia, una función no solo de tiempo, sino también de severidad. Se revisa la etiología de la isquemia aguda junto con la respuesta patofisiológica. El manejo del paciente se fundamenta en el diagnóstico de la causa y en la estimatión de la severidad de la isquemia. La corrección de las alteraciones metabólicas y el pronto restablecimiento del flujo constituyen el tratamiento de preferencia, aÚn cuando deja margen para la intervención tardía en pacientes con síntomas menos severos. A pesar de los avances en las técnicas de diagnóstico y operatorias, las alteraciones trombóticas y metabólicas que ocurren en los vasos menores y en los tejidos musculares aparecen limitando las tasas de éxito, con mortalidades residuales de alrededor de 25%.
Acute lower limb ischemia continues to be a problem both in diagnosis and management. The high mortality rate appears to be related to the metabolic consequences of ischemia, a function not only of time, but also of severity. The etiology of acute ischemia is reviewed along with the pathophysiological response. The management of the patient centers on diagnosis of cause and estimation of the severity of ischemia. Correction of metabolic disturbances and early restoration of flow is the preferred treatment, although there remains a place for late operative intervention in patients with less severe symptoms. Despite improved diagnostic and operative techniques, the thrombotic and metabolic changes that occur in the small vessels and muscular tissues appear to limit the success rate, with mortality rates remaining around 25%. Résumé L'ischémie aiguË du membre inférieur continue à poser des problèmes de diagnostic et de traitement. La haute mortalité est en corrélation avec les conséquences métaboliques de l'ischémie. Elle est fonction non seulement de sa durée mais aussi de sa gravité. L'étiologie de l'ischémie aiguË et ses conséquences physiopathologiques sont passées en revue. Le traitement est centré sur le diagnostic étiologique et sur l'intensité de l'ischémie aiguË. La correction des altérations métaboliques et la restauration rapide du flux artériel constituent le meilleur traitement, bien que reste une place pour l'intervention tardive lorsque les symptÔmes sont relativement modérés. Malgré l'amélioration du diagnostic et des techniques opératoires, les altérations métaboliques et la thrombose qui se manifestent au niveau des petits vaisseaux et du tissu musculaire font que le taux de la mortalité est voisin de 25%. o La isquemia aguda de las extremidades continÚa siendo un problema tanto en el diagnóstico como en el tratamiento. La elevada mortalidad parece estar relacionado con las consecuencias metabólicas de la isquemia, una función no solo de tiempo, sino también de severidad. Se revisa la etiología de la isquemia aguda junto con la respuesta patofisiológica. El manejo del paciente se fundamenta en el diagnóstico de la causa y en la estimatión de la severidad de la isquemia. La corrección de las alteraciones metabólicas y el pronto restablecimiento del flujo constituyen el tratamiento de preferencia, aÚn cuando deja margen para la intervención tardía en pacientes con síntomas menos severos. A pesar de los avances en las técnicas de diagnóstico y operatorias, las alteraciones trombóticas y metabólicas que ocurren en los vasos menores y en los tejidos musculares aparecen limitando las tasas de éxito, con mortalidades residuales de alrededor de 25%.
Author Lusby, Robert J.
Wylie, Edwin J.
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Cites_doi 10.1002/bjs.1800591212
10.1001/archsurg.1970.01340300019005
10.3109/17453676808989435
10.1001/archsurg.1982.01380350069010
10.1097/00000658-197006010-00020
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Snippet Acute lower limb ischemia continues to be a problem both in diagnosis and management. The high mortality rate appears to be related to the metabolic...
Abstract Acute lower limb ischemia continues to be a problem both in diagnosis and management. The high mortality rate appears to be related to the metabolic...
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pubmed
wiley
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StartPage 340
SubjectTerms Como
Humans
Ischemia
Ischemia - etiology
Ischemia - mortality
Ischemia - physiopathology
Ischemia - surgery
Leg - blood supply
Metabolic Change
Operative Intervention
Small Vessel
Title Acute lower limb ischemia: Pathogenesis and management
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1007%2FBF01658082
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6880224
https://search.proquest.com/docview/80594260
Volume 7
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