Isomers of conjugated linoleic acid decrease plasma lipids and stimulate adipose tissue lipogenesis without changing adipose weight in post-prandial adult sedentary or trained Wistar rat

• Published in: The Journal of nutritional biochemistry Vol. 15; no. 12; pp. 741 - 748
• Main Authors: Faulconnier, Yannick, Arnal, Marie-Agnès, Patureau Mirand, Philippe, Chardigny, Jean-Michel, Chilliard, Yves
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Elsevier Inc 01-12-2004; Elsevier Science
• Subjects: Adipose tissue; Adipose Tissue - anatomy & histology; Adipose Tissue - drug effects; Adipose Tissue - enzymology; Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Cholesterol - blood; CLA isomers; Dietary Fats - administration & dosage; Exercise; Fatty Acid Synthases - metabolism; Food; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase - metabolism; Insulin - blood; Isomerism; Leptin - blood; Linoleic Acids, Conjugated - pharmacology; Lipid metabolism; Lipids - biosynthesis; Lipids - blood; Lipoprotein Lipase - metabolism; Liver; Liver - enzymology; Malate Dehydrogenase - metabolism; Male; Myocardium - enzymology; Organ Size - drug effects; Physical Exertion; Rat; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Vertebrates: skin, associated glands, phaneres, light organs, various exocrine glands (salt gland, uropygial gland...), adipose tissue, connective tissue; Exercise; Adipose tissue; Lipid metabolism; Rat; Liver; CLA isomers; Conjugated linoleic acid; Digestive system; Postprandial; Rodentia; Lipids; Metabolism; Body composition; Isomer; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Decrease; Animal; Lipogenesis
• ISSN: 0955-2863; 1873-4847
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2004.07.004

The respective effects and interactions of supplementation with two conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers and exercise on plasma metabolic profile, activity of lipogenic enzymes and cellularity in two adipose tissue sites, those of the liver and heart, were examined in adult Wistar rats. Rats that were either sedentary or exercise-trained by treadmill running were fed one of four diets: a diet without CLA; a diet with either 1%
cis 9,
trans 11 CLA or 1%
trans 10,
cis 12 CLA; or a mixture of both isomers (1% of each) for 6 weeks. We observed that the exercise decreased lipogenic enzyme activities in epididymal and perirenal adipose tissue. Plasma cholesterol, insulin, and leptin concentrations were lower in exercise-trained rats than in sedentary rats. The ingestion of either CLA mixture or the
trans 10,
cis 12 CLA increased lipogenic enzyme activities in epididymal tissue and more markedly in perirenal adipose tissue, especially in sedentary rats, and without affecting adipose tissue weight or cellularity. A similar effect of
trans 10,
cis 12 CLA was observed in regard to malic enzyme activity in the liver. In addition, this isomer decreased plasma lipid and urea concentrations and increased plasma 3-hydroxybutyrate levels. The ingestion of
cis 9,
trans 11 CLA increased fatty acid synthase activity in perirenal adipose tissue in sedentary rats and decreased plasma cholesterol and leptin concentrations. These results show that isomers of CLA decrease plasma lipids and stimulate adipose tissue lipogenesis without changing adipose weight in adult sedentary or exercise-trained rat, thus suggesting a stimulation of adipose tissue turnover.