Conductivity and adhesion enhancement in low-temperature processed indium tin oxide/polymer nanocomposites

• Published in: Thin solid films Vol. 518; no. 10; pp. 2910 - 2915
• Main Authors: Maksimenko, Ilja, Gross, Michael, Königer, Tobias, Münstedt, Helmut, Wellmann, Peter J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01-03-2010; Elsevier
• Subjects: 3-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS); Adhesion; Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties; Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties; Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology; Electrical properties of specific thin films; Electronic structure and electrical properties of surfaces, interfaces, thin films and low-dimensional structures; Exact sciences and technology; Indium tin oxide (ITO); Liquid phase epitaxy; deposition from liquid phases (melts, solutions, and surface layers on liquids); Materials science; Mechanical and acoustical properties; Methods of deposition of films and coatings; film growth and epitaxy; Nanocomposite; Nanoparticles; Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization; Other topics in nanoscale materials and structures; Physical properties of thin films, nonelectronic; Physics; Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP); Surfaces and interfaces; thin films and whiskers (structure and nonelectronic properties); Nanoparticles; Nanocomposite; Indium tin oxide (ITO); 3-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS); Adhesion; Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP); Electrical conductivity; MPTS; Glass; Condensation polymerization; Dispersions; PVP; Coatings; Thin films; Transparent thin film; Sheet resistivity; Tin oxide; Polymers; Sol-gel process; Radiation effects; Condensation reaction; 3-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; Mechanical properties; Shrinkage; Layer thickness; Transmittance; Indium oxide; Heat treatments; Nanocomposites; Spin-on coating; Nanostructured materials; Drying; Tribology
• ISSN: 0040-6090; 1879-2731
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2009.10.151

We report on the conductivity and adhesion enhancement of indium tin oxide (In
2O
3:Sn; ITO) nanoparticle films by the application of polymers as matrix material. We fabricated ITO layers at a maximum process temperature of 130
°C by modifying and spin-coating nanoparticulate ITO dispersions. Dispersions containing the organic film-forming agent polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and the organofunctional coupling agent 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS) have been developed to obtain transparent and conducting coatings on substrates which do not withstand high process temperatures like polymers or already processed glasses. The layers were cured by UV-irradiation as well as by low-temperature heat treatment (
T
=
130
°C) in air and under forming gas atmosphere (N
2/H
2). The influence of the additives on the electrical, optical, morphological and mechanical layer properties is reported. Compared to best pure ITO layers (3.1
Ω
−
1
cm
−
1
), the ITO–MPTS–PVP nanocomposite coatings exhibit a conductance of 9.8
Ω
−
1
cm
−
1
. Stable sheet resistances of 750
Ω/□ at a coexistent transmittance of 86% at 550
nm for a layer thickness of about 1.3
µm were achieved. The conductance enhancement is a consequence of the consolidation of the ITO nanoparticle network due to the acting shrinkage forces caused either by drying in the case of PVP or UV-irradiation induced condensation and polymerization reactions in the case of MPTS.