Do Large-Scale Forestry Companies Generate Prosperity in Indigenous Communities? The Socioeconomic Impacts of Tree Plantations in Southern Chile

• Published in: Human ecology : an interdisciplinary journal Vol. 49; no. 5; pp. 619 - 630
• Main Authors: Hofflinger, Alvaro, Nahuelpan, Hector, Boso, Àlex, Millalen, Pablo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01-10-2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Anthropology; Employment; Environmental impact; Environmental Management; Forestry; Geography; Income; Income inequality; Indigenous peoples; Local communities; Plantations; Poverty; Social impact; Social Sciences; Socioeconomics; Sociology; Unemployment; Wood products; Chile; Rural development; Socioeconomic impacts; Land use change; Local communities; Planted forest; Mapuche indigenous communities; Southern Chile
• ISSN: 0300-7839; 1572-9915
• DOI: 10.1007/s10745-020-00204-x

Since the 1980s, forest plantations have expanded globally in response to commercial demand for wood products. Research has focused mainly on the economic and environmental impacts (carbon reduction) of the forestry industry. However, our research focuses on the social impact of large-scale forestry plantations, particularly the effect of the expansion of tree plantations on local communities. We evaluate the positive (employment and income) and negative (poverty and income inequality) externalities of the expansion of the forestry industry in Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations located in six regions of Southern Chile, where 73% of the rural Indigenous people live, over the period 1997–2015. Our findings show that the forestry industry’s expansion has not reduced unemployment or improved incomes for the Indigenous or non-Indigenous population. On the contrary, it has increased poverty and inequality between them.