Evaluation of Sesbania grandiflora for antiurolithiatic and antioxidant properties

• Published in: Journal of natural medicines Vol. 62; no. 3; pp. 300 - 307
• Main Authors: Doddola, Sujatha, Pasupulati, Haritha, Koganti, Bharathi, Prasad, Koganti V. S. R. G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan Springer Japan 01-07-2008
• Subjects: Administration, Oral; Animals; Antioxidants - isolation & purification; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Antioxidants - toxicity; Behavior, Animal - drug effects; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Calcium - metabolism; Calcium Oxalate - metabolism; Complementary & Alternative Medicine; India; Kidney - drug effects; Kidney - pathology; Kidney Calculi - drug therapy; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Medicinal Chemistry; Medicine, Traditional; Organ Size - drug effects; Original Paper; Pharmacology/Toxicology; Pharmacy; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plant Extracts - toxicity; Plant Leaves; Plant Sciences; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sesbania - chemistry; Toxicity Tests, Acute; India; Calcium oxalate stones; Antioxidant property; Antiurolithiatic activity
• ISSN: 1340-3443; 1861-0293
• DOI: 10.1007/s11418-008-0235-2

In the indigenous system of medicine in India, the plant
Sesbania grandiflora
is claimed to be useful for various ailments, and one such use is for the treatment of renal calculi. The major purpose of this study is to investigate the potential of
S
.
grandiflora
in the treatment of renal calculi. The leaf juice of
S
.
grandiflora
was evaluated for median lethal dose, gross behavioral changes, antiurolithiatic and antioxidant activities. The antiurolithiatic activity was evaluated by a calculi-producing diet model, using gentamicin (subcutaneously) and 5% ammonium oxalate in rat feed to induce calcium oxalate-type stones. The parameters monitored in the present study are calcium and oxalate deposition in the kidney, kidney weights, urinary excretion of calcium and oxalate. The in vivo antioxidant parameters lipid peroxidation, glutathione reductase and catalase were monitored. The plant juice was also evaluated for scavenging of nitric oxide and 2-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl free radicals. The leaf juice of
S
.
grandiflora
was safe orally and exhibited no gross behavioral changes except for an increase in urination. The leaf juice of
S
.
grandiflora
showed significant antiurolithiatic activity against calcium oxalate-type stones and also exhibited antioxidant properties. The results obtained in this study provide evidence for the efficacy of the leaf juice of
S
.
grandiflora
as antiurolithiatic agent.