Analysis of infraspecific variation among five strains of Eimeria maxima from North America

• Published in: International journal for parasitology Vol. 28; no. 3; pp. 485 - 492
• Main Authors: Barta, J.R., Coles, B.A., Schito, M.L., Fernando, M.A., Martin, A., Danforth, H.D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01-03-1998; Elsevier Science
• Subjects: Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Chickens - parasitology; Classical genetics, quantitative genetics, hybrids; Coccidiosis; Coccidiosis - parasitology; Coccidiosis - veterinary; DNA Primers - chemistry; DNA, Protozoan - analysis; DNA, Protozoan - chemistry; DNA, Ribosomal - analysis; DNA, Ribosomal - chemistry; Eimeria - classification; Eimeria - genetics; Eimeria - immunology; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel - veterinary; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Genetic characterisation; Genetic Variation; Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution; Genotype; Immunological variation; North America; Phenotype; Phylogeny; Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary; Polymorphism, Genetic; Poultry; Poultry Diseases - parasitology; Protozoa; Protozoan Proteins - analysis; Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique - veterinary; RAPD-PCR; Ribosomal genes; SDS-PAGE; Sequence Alignment; Sequencing; United States; North America; America; Immunological variation; SDS-PAGE; Poultry; Genetic characterisation; RAPD-PCR; Ribosomal genes; Coccidiosis; Sequencing; Protozoa; Apicomplexa; Protozoal disease; Genetic variability; RNA; Parasite; Parasitosis; Phylogeny; Infection; Polymerase chain reaction; Random amplified polymorphic DNA; Pathogenic; Eimeria maxima
• ISSN: 0020-7519; 1879-0135
• DOI: 10.1016/S0020-7519(97)00211-7

Two laboratory strains from the eastern shore of Maryland 15 years ago and from an Ontario broiler house 23 years ago and three recent field strains of
Eimeria maxima (isolated in Maryland, North Carolina and Florida) were examined for phenotypic and genotypic variation using protein profiles, random amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR analysis and DNA sequences obtained from the internal transcribed spacer regions of the rRNA genes. Staining profiles obtained by one-dimensional SDS-PAGE of sporozoite proteins were identical in all five strains. Using random amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR analysis with high %G-C content decamers as primers, we were able to confirm that the five strains are all
E. maxima, but were unable to discern any relationships among them because of the limited number of shared polymorphisms identified. In contrast, cloning and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer-1, 5.8S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer-2 regions of the rRNA genes provided sufficient sequence information to infer phylogenetic relationships among the strains. Almost all of the infraspecific variation was located in the internal transcribed spacer regions. Only two base changes were identified within the 5.8S rRNA gene. Evolutionary relationships among the strains inferred using parsimony analysis of the aligned internal transcribed spacer sequences were well supported, but the hypothesised relationships did not correlate well with the demonstrated immunological cross-reactivities of these strains.