Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology applications of magnetoelectric nanoparticles

• Published in: Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology Vol. 15; no. 2; pp. e1849 - n/a
• Main Authors: Smith, Isadora Takako, Zhang, Elric, Yildirim, Yagmur Akin, Campos, Manuel Alberteris, Abdel‐Mottaleb, Mostafa, Yildirim, Burak, Ramezani, Zeinab, Andre, Victoria Louise, Scott‐Vandeusen, Aidan, Liang, Ping, Khizroev, Sakhrat
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01-03-2023; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Animal models; Animals; Biocompatibility; Blood-brain barrier; Brain; Brain mapping; Cancer; Deep brain stimulation; Drug delivery; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug discovery; Electric fields; In vivo methods and tests; Inhalation; Magnetic fields; magnetoelectric nanoparticles; Mice; Microenvironments; multiferroic materials; multifunctional nanoparticles; Nanomedicine - methods; Nanoparticles; Nanoparticles - therapeutic use; Nanotechnology; Nanotechnology - methods; neural stimulation; New technology; Regeneration; Regeneration (physiology); Respiration; Stimulation; targeted drug delivery; Tissue engineering; targeted drug delivery; multifunctional nanoparticles; magnetoelectric nanoparticles; neural stimulation; multiferroic materials
• ISSN: 1939-5116; 1939-0041
• DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1849

Unlike any other nanoparticles known to date, magnetoelectric nanoparticles (MENPs) can generate relatively strong electric fields locally via the application of magnetic fields and, vice versa, have their magnetization change in response to an electric field from the microenvironment. Hence, MENPs can serve as a wireless two‐way interface between man‐made devices and physiological systems at the molecular level. With the recent development of room‐temperature biocompatible MENPs, a number of novel potential medical applications have emerged. These applications include wireless brain stimulation and mapping/recording of neural activity in real‐time, targeted delivery across the blood–brain barrier (BBB), tissue regeneration, high‐specificity cancer cures, molecular‐level rapid diagnostics, and others. Several independent in vivo studies, using mice and nonhuman primates models, demonstrated the capability to deliver MENPs in the brain across the BBB via intravenous injection or, alternatively, bypassing the BBB via intranasal inhalation of the nanoparticles. Wireless deep brain stimulation with MENPs was demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo in different rodents models by several independent groups. High‐specificity cancer treatment methods as well as tissue regeneration approaches with MENPs were proposed and demonstrated in in vitro models. A number of in vitro and in vivo studies were dedicated to understand the underlying mechanisms of MENPs‐based high‐specificity targeted drug delivery via application of d.c. and a.c. magnetic fields.
This article is categorized under:
Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
(a) MENPs‐based stimulation of neurons deep in the brain, and (b) steps of MENPs‐based targeted drug release including (i) nano‐electroporation to penetrate specific cancer cells and (ii) on‐demand drug release. Hth and Hr define the cell penetration threshold and drug release fields, respectively.