Numerical study of the stability of skyrmions in Bose-Einstein condensates

We show that the stability of three-dimensional skyrmions in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates depends critically on scattering lengths, atom numbers, trap rotation, and trap anisotropy. In particular, for the {sup 87}Rb-F=1,m{sub f}=-1>, -F=2,m{sub f}=1> hyperfine states stability is sensitiv...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Physical review. A, Atomic, molecular, and optical physics Vol. 72; no. 4
Main Authors:	Wüster, S., Argue, T. E., Savage, C. M.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States 01-10-2005
Subjects:	ANISOTROPY ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS ATOMS BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATION ENERGY LEVELS NUMERICAL ANALYSIS ROTATION RUBIDIUM 87 SCATTERING LENGTHS SKYRME POTENTIAL SOLITONS STABILITY THREE-DIMENSIONAL CALCULATIONS TRAPPING TRAPS
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Summary:	We show that the stability of three-dimensional skyrmions in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates depends critically on scattering lengths, atom numbers, trap rotation, and trap anisotropy. In particular, for the {sup 87}Rb-F=1,m{sub f}=-1>, -F=2,m{sub f}=1> hyperfine states stability is sensitive to the scattering lengths at the 2% level, where the differences between them are crucial. In a cigar shaped trap, we find stable skyrmions with slightly more than 2x10{sup 6} atoms, a number which scales with the inverse square root of the trap frequency. These can be stabilized against drift out of the trap by laser pinning.
ISSN:	1050-2947 1094-1622
DOI:	10.1103/PhysRevA.72.043616