Prevalence of encysted apicomplexans in muscles of raptors
An acid–pepsin digestion technique was used to examine portions of breast muscle and heart from raptors for encysted protozoans. Apicomplexan zoites were present in 52 (45.6%) of the 114 samples examined: 11 of 12 (91.7%) red-shouldered hawks ( Buteo lineatus), 20 of 34 (58.8%) red-tailed hawks ( Bu...
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| Published in: | Veterinary parasitology Vol. 80; no. 4; pp. 341 - 344 |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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28-01-1999
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| Abstract | An acid–pepsin digestion technique was used to examine portions of breast muscle and heart from raptors for encysted protozoans. Apicomplexan zoites were present in 52 (45.6%) of the 114 samples examined: 11 of 12 (91.7%) red-shouldered hawks (
Buteo lineatus), 20 of 34 (58.8%) red-tailed hawks (
Buteo jamaicensis), two of seven (28.6%) Cooper's hawks (
Accipiter cooperi), three of four (75%) sharp-shinned hawks (
Accipiter striatus), one (100%) Mississippi kites (
Ictinia misisippiensis), one of two (50%) American kestrels (
Falco sparverius), one bald eagle (
Haliaeetus leucocephalus), one of two (50%) golden eagles (
Aquila chrysaetos), one of three (33%) turkey vultures (
Cathartes aura), two of three (66.7%) black vultures (
Coragyps atratus), three of six (50%) great-horned owls (
Bubo virginianus), five of 15 (33.3%) barred owls (
Strix varia), and one of 12 (8.3%) screech owls (
Asio otus). Encysted protozoans were not observed in digests of tissues from three broad-winged hawks (
Buteo platypterus), four ospreys (
Pandion haliaetus), and five barn owls (
Tyto alba). Apicomplexan cysts resembling
Sarcocystis species were observed in tissue sections of muscles from 28 (37.8%) of 74 raptors. |
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| AbstractList | An acid–pepsin digestion technique was used to examine portions of breast muscle and heart from raptors for encysted protozoans. Apicomplexan zoites were present in 52 (45.6%) of the 114 samples examined: 11 of 12 (91.7%) red-shouldered hawks (
Buteo lineatus), 20 of 34 (58.8%) red-tailed hawks (
Buteo jamaicensis), two of seven (28.6%) Cooper's hawks (
Accipiter cooperi), three of four (75%) sharp-shinned hawks (
Accipiter striatus), one (100%) Mississippi kites (
Ictinia misisippiensis), one of two (50%) American kestrels (
Falco sparverius), one bald eagle (
Haliaeetus leucocephalus), one of two (50%) golden eagles (
Aquila chrysaetos), one of three (33%) turkey vultures (
Cathartes aura), two of three (66.7%) black vultures (
Coragyps atratus), three of six (50%) great-horned owls (
Bubo virginianus), five of 15 (33.3%) barred owls (
Strix varia), and one of 12 (8.3%) screech owls (
Asio otus). Encysted protozoans were not observed in digests of tissues from three broad-winged hawks (
Buteo platypterus), four ospreys (
Pandion haliaetus), and five barn owls (
Tyto alba). Apicomplexan cysts resembling
Sarcocystis species were observed in tissue sections of muscles from 28 (37.8%) of 74 raptors. An acid-pepsin digestion technique was used to examine portions of breast muscle and heart from raptors for encysted protozoans. Apicomplexan zoites were present in 52 (45.6%) of the 114 samples examined: 11 of 12 (91.7%) red-shouldered hawks (Buteo lineatus), 20 of 34 (58.8%) red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis), two of seven (28.6%) Cooper's hawks (Accipiter cooperi), three of four (75%) sharp-shinned hawks (Accipiter striatus), one (100%) Mississippi kites (Ictinia misisippiensis), one of two (50%) American kestrels (Falco sparverius), one bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), one of two (50%) golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos), one of three (33%) turkey vultures (Cathartes aura), two of three (66.7%) black vultures (Coragyps atratus), three of six (50%) great-horned owls (Bubo virginianus), five of 15 (33.3%) barred owls (Strix varia), and one of 12 (8.3%) screech owls (Asio otus). Encysted protozoans were not observed in digests of tissues from three broad-winged hawks (Buteo platypterus), four ospreys (Pandion haliaetus), and five barn owls (Tyto alba). Apicomplexan cysts resembling Sarcocystis species were observed in tissue sections of muscles from 28 (37.8%) of 74 raptors. |
| Author | Lindsay, David S Blagburn, Byron L |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: David S surname: Lindsay fullname: Lindsay, David S organization: Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Virginia–Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, 1410 Prices Fork RoadBlacksburg VA 24061-0342USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Byron L surname: Blagburn fullname: Blagburn, Byron L organization: Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn UniversityAuburn AL 36849-5519USA |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9950339$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Cites_doi | 10.2307/3283724 10.7589/0090-3558-23.3.495 10.2307/3283107 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1986.tb05626.x 10.2307/3282448 10.7589/0090-3558-18.2.253 10.2307/3284041 10.7589/0090-3558-15.1.57 |
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| Keywords | Sarcocystis spp Apicomplexa Haemoproteus spp Toxoplasma gondii Prevalence Raptor |
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| References | Lindsay, Sundermann, Dubey, Blagburn (BIB11) 1997; 68 Atkinson, Greiner, Forrester (BIB3) 1986; 33 Atkinson, Forrester (BIB2) 1987; 23 Garkavia, 1972 from a black vulture Munday, Hartley, Harrigan, Presidente, Obendorf (BIB12) 1979; 15 Atkinson, Forrester, Greiner (BIB4) 1988; 74 Lindsay, D.S., Zarlenga, D.S., Gamble, H.R., Al-Yaman, F., P.C. Smith, P.C., Blagburn, B.L., 1995. Isolation of Aguilar, Shaw, Dubey, Redig (BIB1) 1991; 22 Crawley, Ernst, Milton (BIB5) 1982; 18 Dubey, Porter, Hattel, Kradel, Topper, Johnson (BIB7) 1991; 22 Dubey, J.P., Speer, C.A., Fayer, R., 1989. Sarcocystosis of Animals and Man, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA, p. 215 Lindsay, Dubey, Blagburn (BIB9) 1991; 77 J. Parasitol. 81, 920-923 Lindsay, Smith, Hoerr, Blagburn (BIB8) 1993; 79 Dubey (10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB7) 1991; 22 Lindsay (10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB9) 1991; 77 Atkinson (10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB4) 1988; 74 Atkinson (10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB3) 1986; 33 Aguilar (10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB1) 1991; 22 Lindsay (10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB8) 1993; 79 Munday (10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB12) 1979; 15 10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB6 Crawley (10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB5) 1982; 18 10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB10 Lindsay (10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB11) 1997; 68 Atkinson (10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB2) 1987; 23 |
| References_xml | – volume: 22 start-page: 233 year: 1991 end-page: 236 ident: BIB7 article-title: Sarcocystis-associated clinical encephalitis in a golden eagle ( publication-title: J. Zool. Wildl. Med. contributor: fullname: Johnson – volume: 68 start-page: 246 year: 1997 end-page: 254 ident: BIB11 article-title: Update on publication-title: J. Ala. Acad. Sci. contributor: fullname: Blagburn – volume: 79 start-page: 870 year: 1993 end-page: 873 ident: BIB8 article-title: Prevalence of encysted publication-title: J. Parasitol. contributor: fullname: Blagburn – volume: 74 start-page: 228 year: 1988 end-page: 239 ident: BIB4 article-title: Pathogenicity of publication-title: J. Parasitol. contributor: fullname: Greiner – volume: 22 start-page: 466 year: 1991 end-page: 469 ident: BIB1 article-title: Sarcocystis-associated encephalitis in an immature northern goshawk ( publication-title: J. Zoo. Wildl. Med. contributor: fullname: Redig – volume: 15 start-page: 57 year: 1979 end-page: 73 ident: BIB12 article-title: publication-title: J. Wildl. Dis. contributor: fullname: Obendorf – volume: 77 start-page: 322 year: 1991 end-page: 325 ident: BIB9 article-title: publication-title: J. Parasitol. contributor: fullname: Blagburn – volume: 33 start-page: 375 year: 1986 end-page: 381 ident: BIB3 article-title: Pre-erythrocytic development and associated host responses to publication-title: J. Protozool. contributor: fullname: Forrester – volume: 18 start-page: 253 year: 1982 end-page: 255 ident: BIB5 article-title: Sarcocystis in a bald eagle ( publication-title: J. Wildl. Dis. contributor: fullname: Milton – volume: 23 start-page: 495 year: 1987 end-page: 498 ident: BIB2 article-title: Myopathy associated with megaloschizonts of publication-title: J. Wildl. Dis. contributor: fullname: Forrester – ident: 10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB6 – volume: 79 start-page: 870 year: 1993 ident: 10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB8 article-title: Prevalence of encysted Toxoplasma gondii in raptors from Alabama publication-title: J. Parasitol. doi: 10.2307/3283724 contributor: fullname: Lindsay – volume: 22 start-page: 233 year: 1991 ident: 10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB7 article-title: Sarcocystis-associated clinical encephalitis in a golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) publication-title: J. Zool. Wildl. Med. contributor: fullname: Dubey – volume: 23 start-page: 495 year: 1987 ident: 10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB2 article-title: Myopathy associated with megaloschizonts of Haemoproteus meleagridis in a wild turkey from Florida publication-title: J. Wildl. Dis. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-23.3.495 contributor: fullname: Atkinson – volume: 77 start-page: 322 year: 1991 ident: 10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB9 article-title: Toxoplasma gondii infections in red-tailed hawks orally inoculated with tissue cysts publication-title: J. Parasitol. doi: 10.2307/3283107 contributor: fullname: Lindsay – volume: 33 start-page: 375 year: 1986 ident: 10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB3 article-title: Pre-erythrocytic development and associated host responses to Haemoproteus meleagridis (Haemosporina: Haemoproteidae) in experimentally infected domestic turkeys publication-title: J. Protozool. doi: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1986.tb05626.x contributor: fullname: Atkinson – volume: 74 start-page: 228 year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB4 article-title: Pathogenicity of Haemoproteus meleagridis (Haemosporina: Haemoproteidae) in experimentally infected domestic turkeys publication-title: J. Parasitol. doi: 10.2307/3282448 contributor: fullname: Atkinson – volume: 68 start-page: 246 year: 1997 ident: 10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB11 article-title: Update on Toxoplasma gondii infections in wildlife and exotic animals from Alabama publication-title: J. Ala. Acad. Sci. contributor: fullname: Lindsay – volume: 22 start-page: 466 year: 1991 ident: 10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB1 article-title: Sarcocystis-associated encephalitis in an immature northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis atricapillus) publication-title: J. Zoo. Wildl. Med. contributor: fullname: Aguilar – volume: 18 start-page: 253 year: 1982 ident: 10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB5 article-title: Sarcocystis in a bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) publication-title: J. Wildl. Dis. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-18.2.253 contributor: fullname: Crawley – ident: 10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB10 doi: 10.2307/3284041 – volume: 15 start-page: 57 year: 1979 ident: 10.1016/S0304-4017(98)00228-3_BIB12 article-title: Sarcocystis and related organisms in Australian wildlife: II. Survey findings in birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish publication-title: J. Wildl. Dis. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-15.1.57 contributor: fullname: Munday |
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| Snippet | An acid–pepsin digestion technique was used to examine portions of breast muscle and heart from raptors for encysted protozoans. Apicomplexan zoites were... An acid-pepsin digestion technique was used to examine portions of breast muscle and heart from raptors for encysted protozoans. Apicomplexan zoites were... |
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| SubjectTerms | acid pepsin digestion technique Animals Apicomplexa Apicomplexa - classification Apicomplexa - isolation & purification apicomplexan zoites Bird Diseases - epidemiology birds of prey breast muscle cysts detection developmental stages diagnostic techniques eagles Falco sparverius Haemoproteus spp hawks heart Heart - parasitology kites Pandion haliaetus Pectoralis Muscles - parasitology Pepsin A - metabolism Prevalence Protozoan Infections, Animal - epidemiology Raptor Raptors - parasitology Sarcocystis - isolation & purification Sarcocystis spp Southeastern United States - epidemiology Strigiformes Toxoplasma gondii vultures |
| Title | Prevalence of encysted apicomplexans in muscles of raptors |
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