Quantifying Departures from Equilibrium with the Spherical Jeans Equation

Quantifying Departures from Equilibrium with the Spherical Jeans Equation

Proper motions of collisionless, pointlike objects in a spherically symmetric system-for example, stars in a galaxy-can be used to test whether that system is in equilibrium, with no assumptions regarding isotropy. In particular, the fourth-order spherical Jeans equation yields expressions for two o...

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Published in:The Astrophysical journal Vol. 841; no. 2; pp. 90 - 103
Main Authors: Evslin, Jarah, Popolo, Antonino Del
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Philadelphia The American Astronomical Society 01-06-2017
IOP Publishing
Subjects:
astrometry
Astrophysics
Configurations
Equilibrium
Galaxies
galaxies: kinematics and dynamics
Isotropy
Local Group
proper motions
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Abstract Proper motions of collisionless, pointlike objects in a spherically symmetric system-for example, stars in a galaxy-can be used to test whether that system is in equilibrium, with no assumptions regarding isotropy. In particular, the fourth-order spherical Jeans equation yields expressions for two observable quantities characterizing the departure from equilibrium, both of which can be expressed in terms of time derivatives of first and third moments of the velocities. As illustrations, we compute these quantities for tracer distributions drawn from an exact equilibrium configuration, and also from near-equilibrium configurations generated using the N-body code GALIC.
AbstractList Proper motions of collisionless, pointlike objects in a spherically symmetric system—for example, stars in a galaxy—can be used to test whether that system is in equilibrium, with no assumptions regarding isotropy. In particular, the fourth-order spherical Jeans equation yields expressions for two observable quantities characterizing the departure from equilibrium, both of which can be expressed in terms of time derivatives of first and third moments of the velocities. As illustrations, we compute these quantities for tracer distributions drawn from an exact equilibrium configuration, and also from near-equilibrium configurations generated using the N -body code GALIC.
Proper motions of collisionless, pointlike objects in a spherically symmetric system-for example, stars in a galaxy-can be used to test whether that system is in equilibrium, with no assumptions regarding isotropy. In particular, the fourth-order spherical Jeans equation yields expressions for two observable quantities characterizing the departure from equilibrium, both of which can be expressed in terms of time derivatives of first and third moments of the velocities. As illustrations, we compute these quantities for tracer distributions drawn from an exact equilibrium configuration, and also from near-equilibrium configurations generated using the N-body code GALIC.
Author Evslin, Jarah
Popolo, Antonino Del
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  surname: Popolo
  fullname: Popolo, Antonino Del
  organization: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte International Institute of Physics, 59012-970 Natal, Brazil
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Snippet Proper motions of collisionless, pointlike objects in a spherically symmetric system-for example, stars in a galaxy-can be used to test whether that system is...
Proper motions of collisionless, pointlike objects in a spherically symmetric system—for example, stars in a galaxy—can be used to test whether that system is...
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SubjectTerms astrometry
Astrophysics
Configurations
Equilibrium
Galaxies
galaxies: kinematics and dynamics
Isotropy
Local Group
proper motions
Title Quantifying Departures from Equilibrium with the Spherical Jeans Equation
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