Bentonite modified with zinc enhances aflatoxin B1 adsorption and increase survival of fibroblasts (3T3) and epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2)

• Published in: Journal of hazardous materials Vol. 337; pp. 80 - 89
• Main Authors: Nones, Janaína, Solhaug, Anita, Eriksen, Gunnar Sundstøl, Macuvele, Domingos Lusitâneo Pier, Poli, Anicleto, Soares, Cíntia, Trentin, Andrea Gonçalves, Riella, Humberto Gracher, Nones, Jader
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 05-09-2017
• Subjects: Aflatoxin B1; Bentonite; Colon carcinoma cells; Fibroblasts; Zinc; Bentonite; Aflatoxin B1; Fibroblasts; Zinc; Colon carcinoma cells
• ISSN: 0304-3894; 1873-3336
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.04.068

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•Bentonite treated with Zn sulfate showed enhanced aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) adsorption capacity compared to natural bentonite.•The Zn sulfate concentration significantly influences the process of obtaining Zn-bentonite.•Time and temperature of reaction does not affect the process of Zn incorporation.•Zn-treated bentonite is non-toxic to 3T3 and the Caco-2 cell line.•Natural and Zn-treated bentonite prevent the AFB1 toxicity in 3T3 and Caco-2 cells.
Bentonites are commonly used as feed additives to reduce the bioavailability and thus the toxicity of aflatoxins by adsorbing the toxins in the gastrointestinal tract. Aflatoxins are particular harmful mycotoxins mainly found in areas with hot and humid climates. They occur in food and feedstuff as a result of fungal contamination before and after harvest. The aim of this study was to modify Brazilian bentonite clay by incorporation of zinc (Zn) ions in order to increase the adsorption capacity and consequently reduce the toxicity of aflatoxins. The significance of Zn intercalating conditions such as concentration, temperature and reaction time were investigated. Our results showed that the Zn treatment of the bentonite increased the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) adsorption and that Zn concentration had a negative effect. Indeed, temperature and time had no significant effect in the binding capacity. The modified bentonite (Zn-Bent1) was not cytotoxic to either fibroblasts (3T3) nor epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (Caco-2) cell lines. Interestingly, Zn-Bent1 has higher protective effect against AFB1 induced cytotoxicity than the unmodified bentonite. In conclusion, the Zn modified bentonite, Zn-Bent1, represent an improved tool to prevent aflatoxicosis in animals fed on AFB1 contaminated feed.