Determining the drivers of population structure in a highly urbanized landscape to inform conservation planning

Understanding the environmental contributors to population structure is of paramount importance for conservation in urbanized environments. We used spatially explicit models to determine genetic population structure under current and future environmental conditions across a highly fragmented, humand...

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Published in:Conservation biology Vol. 32; no. 1; pp. 148 - 158
Main Authors: Thomassen, Henri A., Harrigan, Ryan J., Delaney, Kathleen Semple, Riley, Seth P. D., Serieys, Laurel E. K., Pease, Katherine, Wayne, Robert K., Smith, Thomas B.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Wiley Blackwell, Inc 01-02-2018
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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Abstract Understanding the environmental contributors to population structure is of paramount importance for conservation in urbanized environments. We used spatially explicit models to determine genetic population structure under current and future environmental conditions across a highly fragmented, humandominated environment in Southern California to assess the effects of natural ecological variation and urbanization. We focused on 7 common species with diverse habitat requirements, home-range sizes, and dispersal abilities. We quantified the relative roles of potential barriers, including natural environmental characteristics and an anthropogenic barrier created by a major highway, in shaping genetic variation. The ability to predict genetic variation in our models differed among species: 11-81% of intraspecific genetic variation was explained by environmental variables. Although an anthropogenically induced barrier (a major highway) severely restricted gene flow and movement at broad scales for some species, genetic variation seemed to be primarily driven by natural environmental heterogeneity at a local level. Our results show how assessing environmentally associated variation for multiple species under current and future climate conditions can help identify priority regions for maximizing population persistence under environmental change in urbanized regions. El entendimiento de los contribuyentes ambientales a la estructura poblacional es de importancia primordial para la conservación en ecosistemas urbanizados. Utilizamos modelos espacialmente explícitos para determinar la estructura genética poblacional bajo condiciones ambientales actuales y futuras a lo largo de un ambiente dominado por humanos y altamente fragmentado en el sur de California para valorar los efectos de la variación ecológica natural y la urbanización. Nos enfocamos en siete especies comunes con diversos requerimientos de habitat, tamaños de extensión doméstica, y habilidades de dispersión. Cuantificamos los papeles relativos de las barreras potenciales, incluyendo las características ambientales naturales y una barrera antropogénica creada por una gran autopista, en la formación de la variación genética. La capacidad de predecir la variación genética en nuestros modelos difirió entre especies: el 11 - 81% de variación genética intraespecífica se explicó con variables ambientales. Aunque una barrera inducida antropogénicamente (una gran autopista) restringió severamente elflujogénicoy el movimiento a escalas grandes para algunas especies, la variación genética pareció estar conducida principalmente por la heterogeneidad ambiental natural a nivel local. Nuestros resultados muestran cómo la valoración ambiental asociada con la variación para múltiples especies bajo condiciones climáticas actuales y futuras puede ayudar a identificar las regiones prioritarias para maximizar la persistencia poblacional bajo el cambio ambiental en regiones urbanizadas.
AbstractList Understanding the environmental contributors to population structure is of paramount importance for conservation in urbanized environments. We used spatially explicit models to determine genetic population structure under current and future environmental conditions across a highly fragmented, human-dominated environment in Southern California to assess the effects of natural ecological variation and urbanization. We focused on 7 common species with diverse habitat requirements, home-range sizes, and dispersal abilities. We quantified the relative roles of potential barriers, including natural environmental characteristics and an anthropogenic barrier created by a major highway, in shaping genetic variation. The ability to predict genetic variation in our models differed among species: 11-81% of intraspecific genetic variation was explained by environmental variables. Although an anthropogenically induced barrier (a major highway) severely restricted gene flow and movement at broad scales for some species, genetic variation seemed to be primarily driven by natural environmental heterogeneity at a local level. Our results show how assessing environmentally associated variation for multiple species under current and future climate conditions can help identify priority regions for maximizing population persistence under environmental change in urbanized regions.
Understanding the environmental contributors to population structure is of paramount importance for conservation in urbanized environments. We used spatially explicit models to determine genetic population structure under current and future environmental conditions across a highly fragmented, human‐dominated environment in Southern California to assess the effects of natural ecological variation and urbanization. We focused on 7 common species with diverse habitat requirements, home‐range sizes, and dispersal abilities. We quantified the relative roles of potential barriers, including natural environmental characteristics and an anthropogenic barrier created by a major highway, in shaping genetic variation. The ability to predict genetic variation in our models differed among species: 11–81% of intraspecific genetic variation was explained by environmental variables. Although an anthropogenically induced barrier (a major highway) severely restricted gene flow and movement at broad scales for some species, genetic variation seemed to be primarily driven by natural environmental heterogeneity at a local level. Our results show how assessing environmentally associated variation for multiple species under current and future climate conditions can help identify priority regions for maximizing population persistence under environmental change in urbanized regions. Determinación de los Conductores de la Estructura Poblacional en un Paisaje Altamente Urbanizado para Informar a la Planeación de la Conservación Resumen El entendimiento de los contribuyentes ambientales a la estructura poblacional es de importancia primordial para la conservación en ecosistemas urbanizados. Utilizamos modelos espacialmente explícitos para determinar la estructura genética poblacional bajo condiciones ambientales actuales y futuras a lo largo de un ambiente dominado por humanos y altamente fragmentado en el sur de California para valorar los efectos de la variación ecológica natural y la urbanización. Nos enfocamos en siete especies comunes con diversos requerimientos de hábitat, tamaños de extensión doméstica, y habilidades de dispersión. Cuantificamos los papeles relativos de las barreras potenciales, incluyendo las características ambientales naturales y una barrera antropogénica creada por una gran autopista, en la formación de la variación genética. La capacidad de predecir la variación genética en nuestros modelos difirió entre especies: el 11 – 81% de variación genética intraespecífica se explicó con variables ambientales. Aunque una barrera inducida antropogénicamente (una gran autopista) restringió severamente el flujo génico y el movimiento a escalas grandes para algunas especies, la variación genética pareció estar conducida principalmente por la heterogeneidad ambiental natural a nivel local. Nuestros resultados muestran cómo la valoración ambiental asociada con la variación para múltiples especies bajo condiciones climáticas actuales y futuras puede ayudar a identificar las regiones prioritarias para maximizar la persistencia poblacional bajo el cambio ambiental en regiones urbanizadas. Article impact statement: Community approaches to assess environmental variation can identify priority areas to maximize population persistence under climate change.
Understanding the environmental contributors to population structure is of paramount importance for conservation in urbanized environments. We used spatially explicit models to determine genetic population structure under current and future environmental conditions across a highly fragmented, human-dominated environment in Southern California to assess the effects of natural ecological variation and urbanization. We focused on 7 common species with diverse habitat requirements, home-range sizes, and dispersal abilities. We quantified the relative roles of potential barriers, including natural environmental characteristics and an anthropogenic barrier created by a major highway, in shaping genetic variation. The ability to predict genetic variation in our models differed among species: 11-81% of intraspecific genetic variation was explained by environmental variables. Although an anthropogenically induced barrier (a major highway) severely restricted gene flow and movement at broad scales for some species, genetic variation seemed to be primarily driven by natural environmental heterogeneity at a local level. Our results show how assessing environmentally associated variation for multiple species under current and future climate conditions can help identify priority regions for maximizing population persistence under environmental change in urbanized regions. Determinación de los Conductores de la Estructura Poblacional en un Paisaje Altamente Urbanizado para Informar a la Planeación de la Conservación Resumen El entendimiento de los contribuyentes ambientales a la estructura poblacional es de importancia primordial para la conservación en ecosistemas urbanizados. Utilizamos modelos espacialmente explícitos para determinar la estructura genética poblacional bajo condiciones ambientales actuales y futuras a lo largo de un ambiente dominado por humanos y altamente fragmentado en el sur de California para valorar los efectos de la variación ecológica natural y la urbanización. Nos enfocamos en siete especies comunes con diversos requerimientos de hábitat, tamaños de extensión doméstica, y habilidades de dispersión. Cuantificamos los papeles relativos de las barreras potenciales, incluyendo las características ambientales naturales y una barrera antropogénica creada por una gran autopista, en la formación de la variación genética. La capacidad de predecir la variación genética en nuestros modelos difirió entre especies: el 11 - 81% de variación genética intraespecífica se explicó con variables ambientales. Aunque una barrera inducida antropogénicamente (una gran autopista) restringió severamente el flujo génico y el movimiento a escalas grandes para algunas especies, la variación genética pareció estar conducida principalmente por la heterogeneidad ambiental natural a nivel local. Nuestros resultados muestran cómo la valoración ambiental asociada con la variación para múltiples especies bajo condiciones climáticas actuales y futuras puede ayudar a identificar las regiones prioritarias para maximizar la persistencia poblacional bajo el cambio ambiental en regiones urbanizadas. Article impact statement: Community approaches to assess environmental variation can identify priority areas to maximize population persistence under climate change.
Understanding the environmental contributors to population structure is of paramount importance for conservation in urbanized environments. We used spatially explicit models to determine genetic population structure under current and future environmental conditions across a highly fragmented, human‐dominated environment in Southern California to assess the effects of natural ecological variation and urbanization. We focused on 7 common species with diverse habitat requirements, home‐range sizes, and dispersal abilities. We quantified the relative roles of potential barriers, including natural environmental characteristics and an anthropogenic barrier created by a major highway, in shaping genetic variation. The ability to predict genetic variation in our models differed among species: 11–81% of intraspecific genetic variation was explained by environmental variables. Although an anthropogenically induced barrier (a major highway) severely restricted gene flow and movement at broad scales for some species, genetic variation seemed to be primarily driven by natural environmental heterogeneity at a local level. Our results show how assessing environmentally associated variation for multiple species under current and future climate conditions can help identify priority regions for maximizing population persistence under environmental change in urbanized regions. Article impact statement : Community approaches to assess environmental variation can identify priority areas to maximize population persistence under climate change.
Understanding the environmental contributors to population structure is of paramount importance for conservation in urbanized environments. We used spatially explicit models to determine genetic population structure under current and future environmental conditions across a highly fragmented, humandominated environment in Southern California to assess the effects of natural ecological variation and urbanization. We focused on 7 common species with diverse habitat requirements, home-range sizes, and dispersal abilities. We quantified the relative roles of potential barriers, including natural environmental characteristics and an anthropogenic barrier created by a major highway, in shaping genetic variation. The ability to predict genetic variation in our models differed among species: 11-81% of intraspecific genetic variation was explained by environmental variables. Although an anthropogenically induced barrier (a major highway) severely restricted gene flow and movement at broad scales for some species, genetic variation seemed to be primarily driven by natural environmental heterogeneity at a local level. Our results show how assessing environmentally associated variation for multiple species under current and future climate conditions can help identify priority regions for maximizing population persistence under environmental change in urbanized regions. El entendimiento de los contribuyentes ambientales a la estructura poblacional es de importancia primordial para la conservación en ecosistemas urbanizados. Utilizamos modelos espacialmente explícitos para determinar la estructura genética poblacional bajo condiciones ambientales actuales y futuras a lo largo de un ambiente dominado por humanos y altamente fragmentado en el sur de California para valorar los efectos de la variación ecológica natural y la urbanización. Nos enfocamos en siete especies comunes con diversos requerimientos de habitat, tamaños de extensión doméstica, y habilidades de dispersión. Cuantificamos los papeles relativos de las barreras potenciales, incluyendo las características ambientales naturales y una barrera antropogénica creada por una gran autopista, en la formación de la variación genética. La capacidad de predecir la variación genética en nuestros modelos difirió entre especies: el 11 - 81% de variación genética intraespecífica se explicó con variables ambientales. Aunque una barrera inducida antropogénicamente (una gran autopista) restringió severamente elflujogénicoy el movimiento a escalas grandes para algunas especies, la variación genética pareció estar conducida principalmente por la heterogeneidad ambiental natural a nivel local. Nuestros resultados muestran cómo la valoración ambiental asociada con la variación para múltiples especies bajo condiciones climáticas actuales y futuras puede ayudar a identificar las regiones prioritarias para maximizar la persistencia poblacional bajo el cambio ambiental en regiones urbanizadas.
Author Harrigan, Ryan J.
Smith, Thomas B.
Wayne, Robert K.
Pease, Katherine
Thomassen, Henri A.
Riley, Seth P. D.
Serieys, Laurel E. K.
Delaney, Kathleen Semple
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Issue 1
Keywords genética poblacional
population genetics
vertebrados
adaptive variation
conservation planning
Santa Monica Mountains
vertebrates
Montañas de Santa Mónica
landscape genetics
variación adaptativa
cambio climático
climate change
genética de paisajes
Language English
License 2017 Society for Conservation Biology.
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Notes Community approaches to assess environmental variation can identify priority areas to maximize population persistence under climate change.
Article impact statement
Both the authors contributed equally.
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Snippet Understanding the environmental contributors to population structure is of paramount importance for conservation in urbanized environments. We used spatially...
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StartPage 148
SubjectTerms adaptive variation
Anthropogenic factors
Barriers
cambio climático
Climate
Climate change
Conservation
conservation planning
Dispersal
Dispersion
Ecological effects
Ecological monitoring
Environmental changes
Environmental conditions
Environmental impact
Gene flow
Genetic diversity
genética de paisajes
genética poblacional
Habitat selection
Home range
Human influences
Landscape
landscape genetics
Montañas de Santa Mónica
Population
Population genetics
Population structure
Regions
Santa Monica Mountains
Species
Urbanization
variación adaptativa
vertebrados
vertebrates
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Title Determining the drivers of population structure in a highly urbanized landscape to inform conservation planning
URI https://www.jstor.org/stable/44973746
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fcobi.12969
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Volume 32
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