Validation of a New Placebo Interferential Current Method: A New Placebo Method of Electrostimulation
Objective. The present study aimed to investigate if a new placebo device for interferential current (IFC) that delivers current during only the first 40 seconds of stimulation is effective at promoting adequate subject blinding. Methods. Seventy-five subjects were recruited and enrolled into three...
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| Published in: | Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) Vol. 18; no. 1; pp. 86 - 94 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Oxford University Press
01-01-2017
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| Abstract | Objective. The present study aimed to investigate if a new placebo device for interferential current (IFC) that delivers current during only the first 40 seconds of stimulation is effective at promoting adequate subject blinding.
Methods. Seventy-five subjects were recruited and enrolled into three groups: active IFC, inactive placebo, and new placebo. Pressure pain threshold (PPT), cutaneous sensory threshold (CST), and pain intensity were measured before and after the intervention. After the final assessment, the subjects and the investigator who applied the current were asked about the type of stimulation administered.
Results. None of the placebo forms studied resulted in significant changes to PPT, CST, or pain intensity. The subjects stimulated with active IFC at high intensities (> 17 mA) of stimulation showed higher PPT and CST and lower pain intensity than subjects stimulated at low intensities (p < 0.03). The new placebo method blinded the investigator in 100% of cases of IFC and 60% of subjects stimulated, whereas for inactive placebo, the investigator was blinded at a rate of 0% and 34% of subjects.
Conclusion. The new method of placebo IFC was effective for blinding of research investigators and most of the active IFC-treated subjects, promoting an appropriate placebo method. |
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| AbstractList | Objective. The present study aimed to investigate if a new placebo device for interferential current (IFC) that delivers current during only the first 40 seconds of stimulation is effective at promoting adequate subject blinding.
Methods. Seventy-five subjects were recruited and enrolled into three groups: active IFC, inactive placebo, and new placebo. Pressure pain threshold (PPT), cutaneous sensory threshold (CST), and pain intensity were measured before and after the intervention. After the final assessment, the subjects and the investigator who applied the current were asked about the type of stimulation administered.
Results. None of the placebo forms studied resulted in significant changes to PPT, CST, or pain intensity. The subjects stimulated with active IFC at high intensities (> 17 mA) of stimulation showed higher PPT and CST and lower pain intensity than subjects stimulated at low intensities (p < 0.03). The new placebo method blinded the investigator in 100% of cases of IFC and 60% of subjects stimulated, whereas for inactive placebo, the investigator was blinded at a rate of 0% and 34% of subjects.
Conclusion. The new method of placebo IFC was effective for blinding of research investigators and most of the active IFC-treated subjects, promoting an appropriate placebo method. ObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate if a new placebo device for interferential current (IFC) that delivers current during only the first 40 seconds of stimulation is effective at promoting adequate subject blinding.MethodsSeventy-five subjects were recruited and enrolled into three groups: active IFC, inactive placebo, and new placebo. Pressure pain threshold (PPT), cutaneous sensory threshold (CST), and pain intensity were measured before and after the intervention. After the final assessment, the subjects and the investigator who applied the current were asked about the type of stimulation administered.ResultsNone of the placebo forms studied resulted in significant changes to PPT, CST, or pain intensity. The subjects stimulated with active IFC at high intensities (> 17 mA) of stimulation showed higher PPT and CST and lower pain intensity than subjects stimulated at low intensities ( p < 0.03). The new placebo method blinded the investigator in 100% of cases of IFC and 60% of subjects stimulated, whereas for inactive placebo, the investigator was blinded at a rate of 0% and 34% of subjects.ConclusionThe new method of placebo IFC was effective for blinding of research investigators and most of the active IFC-treated subjects, promoting an appropriate placebo method. The present study aimed to investigate if a new placebo device for interferential current (IFC) that delivers current during only the first 40 seconds of stimulation is effective at promoting adequate subject blinding. Seventy-five subjects were recruited and enrolled into three groups: active IFC, inactive placebo, and new placebo. Pressure pain threshold (PPT), cutaneous sensory threshold (CST), and pain intensity were measured before and after the intervention. After the final assessment, the subjects and the investigator who applied the current were asked about the type of stimulation administered. None of the placebo forms studied resulted in significant changes to PPT, CST, or pain intensity. The subjects stimulated with active IFC at high intensities (> 17 mA) of stimulation showed higher PPT and CST and lower pain intensity than subjects stimulated at low intensities ( p < 0.03). The new placebo method blinded the investigator in 100% of cases of IFC and 60% of subjects stimulated, whereas for inactive placebo, the investigator was blinded at a rate of 0% and 34% of subjects. The new method of placebo IFC was effective for blinding of research investigators and most of the active IFC-treated subjects, promoting an appropriate placebo method. Objective. The present study aimed to investigate if a new placebo device for interferential current (IFC) that delivers current during only the first 40 seconds of stimulation is effective at promoting adequate subject blinding. Methods. Seventy-five subjects were recruited and enrolled into three groups: active IFC, inactive placebo, and new placebo. Pressure pain threshold (PPT), cutaneous sensory threshold (CST), and pain intensity were measured before and after the intervention. After the final assessment, the subjects and the investigator who applied the current were asked about the type of stimulation administered. Results. None of the placebo forms studied resulted in significant changes to PPT, CST, or pain intensity. The subjects stimulated with active IFC at high intensities (> 17 mA) of stimulation showed higher PPT and CST and lower pain intensity than subjects stimulated at low intensities (p < 0.03). The new placebo method blinded the investigator in 100% of cases of IFC and 60% of subjects stimulated, whereas for inactive placebo, the investigator was blinded at a rate of 0% and 34% of subjects. Conclusion. The new method of placebo IFC was effective for blinding of research investigators and most of the active IFC-treated subjects, promoting an appropriate placebo method. |
| Author | Alves Menezes, Mayara Ádan Nunes Carvalho, Elyson Melo DeSantana, Josimari Abner dos Santos Sousa, Thiago Martins de Araújo, Ariane Mendonça Araújo, Fernanda Vasconcelos Lima, Lucas |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Fernanda surname: Mendonça Araújo fullname: Mendonça Araújo, Fernanda organization: Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Se, Brazil – sequence: 2 givenname: Mayara surname: Alves Menezes fullname: Alves Menezes, Mayara organization: Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Se, Brazil – sequence: 3 givenname: Ariane surname: Martins de Araújo fullname: Martins de Araújo, Ariane organization: Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Se, Brazil – sequence: 4 givenname: Thiago surname: Abner dos Santos Sousa fullname: Abner dos Santos Sousa, Thiago organization: Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Se, Brazil – sequence: 5 givenname: Lucas surname: Vasconcelos Lima fullname: Vasconcelos Lima, Lucas organization: Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Se, Brazil – sequence: 6 givenname: Elyson surname: Ádan Nunes Carvalho fullname: Ádan Nunes Carvalho, Elyson organization: §Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Se, Brazil – sequence: 7 givenname: Josimari surname: Melo DeSantana fullname: Melo DeSantana, Josimari email: desantana@pq.cnpq.br organization: Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, Se, Brazil |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27048345$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.jpain.2009.07.007 10.1080/09593980290058472 10.1007/s00296-006-0102-y 10.1016/S0304-3959(03)00073-3 10.1073/pnas.0702413104 10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90062-X 10.1016/j.jpain.2008.12.004 10.1016/j.physio.2011.01.001 10.1093/ptj/67.3.346 10.1016/j.joca.2007.11.013 10.1016/j.jpain.2010.11.001 10.1136/bjsm.24.2.87 10.1097/00042752-200301000-00004 10.1097/01.ajp.0000161526.25374.e5 10.1016/S0304-3959(01)00296-2 10.1016/S0304-3959(03)00139-8 10.2522/ptj.20110104 10.1007/978-3-540-33823-9_14 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2007.00308.x 10.1016/j.joca.2011.02.009 10.1053/apmr.2001.21934 10.7861/clinmedicine.7-5-450 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0439-05.2005 10.1093/ptj/83.3.208 10.1016/S0304-3959(99)00081-0 10.1016/S0304-3959(03)00292-6 10.1016/j.jpain.2011.02.352 10.1097/PHM.0b013e3182328687 10.1002/mus.21689 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2007.34 10.1590/S1516-31802011000400003 10.3138/physio.61.2.88 10.1002/pri.384 |
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| Copyright | 2016 American Academy of Pain Medicine. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com 2016 2016 American Academy of Pain Medicine. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com Copyright © 2016 American Academy of Pain Medicine |
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| Keywords | Cutaneous Sensory Threshold Pain Measurement Electric Stimulation Therapy Placebo Effect Interferential Current |
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| Snippet | Objective. The present study aimed to investigate if a new placebo device for interferential current (IFC) that delivers current during only the first 40... The present study aimed to investigate if a new placebo device for interferential current (IFC) that delivers current during only the first 40 seconds of... Objective. The present study aimed to investigate if a new placebo device for interferential current (IFC) that delivers current during only the first 40... ObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate if a new placebo device for interferential current (IFC) that delivers current during only the first 40 seconds... |
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| SubjectTerms | Female Humans Male Pain Pain Threshold Placebos Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation - methods Young Adult |
| Title | Validation of a New Placebo Interferential Current Method: A New Placebo Method of Electrostimulation |
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