Associations of household unmet basic needs and health outcomes among very low birth weight children

• Published in: Journal of perinatology Vol. 43; no. 3; pp. 364 - 370
• Main Authors: Parker, Margaret G., de Cuba, Stephanie Ettinger, Rateau, Lindsey J., Shea, Margaret, Sandel, Megan T., Frank, Deborah A., Cutts, Diana B., Heeren, Timothy, Lê-Scherban, Félice, Black, Maureen M., Ochoa, Eduardo R., Rose-Jacobs, Ruth, Garg, Arvin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Nature Publishing Group US 01-03-2023; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 692/308/409; 692/700/228; Birth weight; Child; Children; Children & youth; Childrens health; Cross-Sectional Studies; Health risks; Hospitalization; Households; Humans; Income; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; Low birth weight; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Pediatric Surgery; Pediatrics; Poverty; Risk; Security
• ISSN: 0743-8346; 1476-5543
• DOI: 10.1038/s41372-023-01626-3

Objective
We examined associations of past year household hardships (housing, energy, food, and healthcare hardships) with postnatal growth, developmental risk, health status, and hospitalization among children 0–36 months born with very low birth weight (VLBW) and the extent that these relationships differed by receipt of child supplemental security income (SSI).
Study design
We examined cross-sectional data from 695 families. Growth was measured as weight-for-age z-score change. Developmental risk was defined as ≥1 concerns on the “Parents’ Evaluation of Developmental Status” screening tool. Child health status was categorized as excellent/good vs. fair/poor. Hospitalizations excluded birth hospitalizations.
Results
Compared to children with no household hardships, odds of developmental risk were greater with 1 hardship (aOR 2.0 [1.26, 3.17]) and ≥2 hardships (aOR) 1.85 [1.18, 2.91], and odds of fair/poor child health (aOR) 1.59 [1.02, 2.49] and hospitalizations (aOR) 1.49 [1.00, 2.20] were greater among children with ≥2 hardships. In stratified analysis, associations of hardships and developmental risk were present for households with no child SSI and absent for households with child SSI.
Conclusion
Household hardships were associated with developmental risk, fair/poor health status, and hospitalizations among VLBW children. Child SSI may be protective against developmental risk among children living in households with hardships.