Incidence of infection other than tuberculosis in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases treated with bDMARDs: a real-time clinical experience from India

• Published in: Rheumatology international Vol. 39; no. 3; pp. 497 - 507
• Main Authors: Chandrashekara, S., Shobha, Vineeta, Rao, Vijay, Desai, Anu, Jois, Ramesh, Dharmanand, B. G., Kumar, Sharath, Kumar, Pradeep, Dharmapalaiah, Chethana, Mahendranath, Kurugodu Mathada, Prasad, Shiva, Daware, Manisha Ashwin, Singh, Yogesh, Karjigi, Uma, Nagaraj, S., Anupama, K. R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-03-2019; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antirheumatic Agents - therapeutic use; Arthritis, Psoriatic - drug therapy; Arthritis, Rheumatoid - drug therapy; Autoimmune Diseases - drug therapy; Biological Factors - therapeutic use; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Incidence; India - epidemiology; Infections; Infections - epidemiology; Lupus; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - drug therapy; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Middle Aged; Observational Research; Retrospective Studies; Rheumatic diseases; Rheumatic Diseases - drug therapy; Rheumatology; Spondylarthropathies - drug therapy; Tuberculosis; Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Young Adult; India; Infection; bDMARDs; Comorbidities; ARDs; csDMARDS
• DOI: 10.1007/s00296-019-04245-4
• EISSN: 1437-160X
• ISSN: 0172-8172

Biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARD) have transformed the treatment paradigm of chronic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs), but they are often associated with adverse drug reactions. The present study evaluated the frequency, characteristics and type of infections, other than tuberculosis (TB), in ARD patients receiving bDMARDs. The multicentre, cross-sectional, retrospective, observational study was conducted across 12 centers in Karnataka, India, between January to August 2016. The study included patients receiving bDMARD therapy for various ARDs. Outcome variables considered were any infection, minor infections and major infections, other than TB. Clinical variables were compared between infection and no infection group, and the increase in the likelihood of infection with respect to various clinical variables was assessed. The study involved 209 subjects with a median (range) age of 41 (16–84) years and male to female ratio of 0.97:1. A total of 29 (13.88%) subjects developed infection following bDMARD therapy, out of whom a majority had minor infection (
n
 = 26). The likelihood of developing any infection was noted to be more in subjects receiving anti-TNF (golimumab,
P
 = 0.03) and those on three or more conventional synthetic (cs) DMARDs (
P
 < 0.01). Infection risk was higher in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (
P
 = 0.04), other connective tissue disease (
P
 < 0.01) and in patients with comorbidities (
P
 = 0.13). The risk of infection was associated with the use of anti-TNF therapy and more than three csDMARDs, co morbidities and Adds such as systemic lupus erythematosus and connective tissue disease.