Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: a Narrative Review of Biological Mechanisms, Treatments, and Outcomes

Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: a Narrative Review of Biological Mechanisms, Treatments, and Outcomes

Purpose of Review Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous and complex neurodevelopmental disorder related to disruptions in various neuronal structures and pathways, dopamine (DA) transporter, and receptor genes, resulting in cognitive and regulation deficits. This article...

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Published in:Current neurology and neuroscience reports Vol. 23; no. 8; pp. 451 - 460
Main Authors: Pagán, Antonio F., Huizar, Yazmine P., Short, Tucker R., Gotcher, Zoe, Schmidt, Adam T.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York Springer US 01-08-2023
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Adults
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Biomarkers
Children & youth
Cognitive ability
Comorbidity
Dopamine
Dopamine transporter
Electrical stimulation of the brain
Employment
ESB
Hyperactivity
Impulsivity
Life expectancy
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Mental depression
Mental disorders
Mental health
Neurodevelopmental disorders
Neurology
Neurosciences
Quality of life
Secondary schools
Substantia alba
Topical Collection on Behavior
ADHD
Adult
Treatment
Neuropsychology
Neurodevelopmental disorders
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Abstract Purpose of Review Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous and complex neurodevelopmental disorder related to disruptions in various neuronal structures and pathways, dopamine (DA) transporter, and receptor genes, resulting in cognitive and regulation deficits. This article reviews recent research on the biological mechanisms and markers, clinical manifestations, treatments, and outcomes of adult ADHD as well as current controversies within the field. Recent Findings New research identifies white matter disruptions in multiple cortical pathways in adults with ADHD. New treatments for ADHD in adults such as viloxazine ER have shown preliminary effectiveness in addition to research showing transcranial direct current stimulation can be an effective treatment for adults with ADHD. Summary Although questions exist about the effectiveness of current assessments of and treatments for adult ADHD, recent findings represent a step towards improving the quality of life and outcomes for individuals experiencing this life-long, chronic health condition.
AbstractList Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous and complex neurodevelopmental disorder related to disruptions in various neuronal structures and pathways, dopamine (DA) transporter, and receptor genes, resulting in cognitive and regulation deficits. This article reviews recent research on the biological mechanisms and markers, clinical manifestations, treatments, and outcomes of adult ADHD as well as current controversies within the field. New research identifies white matter disruptions in multiple cortical pathways in adults with ADHD. New treatments for ADHD in adults such as viloxazine ER have shown preliminary effectiveness in addition to research showing transcranial direct current stimulation can be an effective treatment for adults with ADHD. Although questions exist about the effectiveness of current assessments of and treatments for adult ADHD, recent findings represent a step towards improving the quality of life and outcomes for individuals experiencing this life-long, chronic health condition.
Purpose of ReviewAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous and complex neurodevelopmental disorder related to disruptions in various neuronal structures and pathways, dopamine (DA) transporter, and receptor genes, resulting in cognitive and regulation deficits. This article reviews recent research on the biological mechanisms and markers, clinical manifestations, treatments, and outcomes of adult ADHD as well as current controversies within the field.Recent FindingsNew research identifies white matter disruptions in multiple cortical pathways in adults with ADHD. New treatments for ADHD in adults such as viloxazine ER have shown preliminary effectiveness in addition to research showing transcranial direct current stimulation can be an effective treatment for adults with ADHD.SummaryAlthough questions exist about the effectiveness of current assessments of and treatments for adult ADHD, recent findings represent a step towards improving the quality of life and outcomes for individuals experiencing this life-long, chronic health condition.
Purpose of Review Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous and complex neurodevelopmental disorder related to disruptions in various neuronal structures and pathways, dopamine (DA) transporter, and receptor genes, resulting in cognitive and regulation deficits. This article reviews recent research on the biological mechanisms and markers, clinical manifestations, treatments, and outcomes of adult ADHD as well as current controversies within the field. Recent Findings New research identifies white matter disruptions in multiple cortical pathways in adults with ADHD. New treatments for ADHD in adults such as viloxazine ER have shown preliminary effectiveness in addition to research showing transcranial direct current stimulation can be an effective treatment for adults with ADHD. Summary Although questions exist about the effectiveness of current assessments of and treatments for adult ADHD, recent findings represent a step towards improving the quality of life and outcomes for individuals experiencing this life-long, chronic health condition.
PURPOSE OF REVIEWAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous and complex neurodevelopmental disorder related to disruptions in various neuronal structures and pathways, dopamine (DA) transporter, and receptor genes, resulting in cognitive and regulation deficits. This article reviews recent research on the biological mechanisms and markers, clinical manifestations, treatments, and outcomes of adult ADHD as well as current controversies within the field. RECENT FINDINGSNew research identifies white matter disruptions in multiple cortical pathways in adults with ADHD. New treatments for ADHD in adults such as viloxazine ER have shown preliminary effectiveness in addition to research showing transcranial direct current stimulation can be an effective treatment for adults with ADHD. Although questions exist about the effectiveness of current assessments of and treatments for adult ADHD, recent findings represent a step towards improving the quality of life and outcomes for individuals experiencing this life-long, chronic health condition.
Author Short, Tucker R.
Huizar, Yazmine P.
Pagán, Antonio F.
Gotcher, Zoe
Schmidt, Adam T.
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  givenname: Yazmine P.
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  givenname: Adam T.
  surname: Schmidt
  fullname: Schmidt, Adam T.
  organization: Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Psychological Sciences Building
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37335460$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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Snippet Purpose of Review Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous and complex neurodevelopmental disorder related to disruptions in various...
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous and complex neurodevelopmental disorder related to disruptions in various neuronal...
Purpose of ReviewAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous and complex neurodevelopmental disorder related to disruptions in various...
PURPOSE OF REVIEWAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous and complex neurodevelopmental disorder related to disruptions in various...
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SubjectTerms Adults
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Biomarkers
Children & youth
Cognitive ability
Comorbidity
Dopamine
Dopamine transporter
Electrical stimulation of the brain
Employment
ESB
Hyperactivity
Impulsivity
Life expectancy
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Mental depression
Mental disorders
Mental health
Neurodevelopmental disorders
Neurology
Neurosciences
Quality of life
Secondary schools
Substantia alba
Topical Collection on Behavior
Title Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: a Narrative Review of Biological Mechanisms, Treatments, and Outcomes
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11910-023-01280-4
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37335460
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https://search.proquest.com/docview/2827920253
Volume 23
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