Small bowel and lung histiocytic sarcoma revealed by acute peritonitis: A case report with review of literature

• Published in: Annals of medicine and surgery Vol. 68; p. 102638
• Main Authors: Bellalah, Ahlem, korbi, Ibtissem, Ben Hammouda, Seifeddine, Achour, Asma, Ben Abdeljelil, Nouha, Njima, Manel, Daldoul, Amira, Hadhri, Rim, Njim, Leila, Zakhama, Abdelfatteh
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01-08-2021; Elsevier
• Subjects: Acute peritonitis; Case Report; Histiocytic sarcoma; Lung; Prognosis; Small intestine; Acute peritonitis; Prognosis; Histiocytic sarcoma; Small intestine; Lung
• ISSN: 2049-0801; 2049-0801
• DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102638

Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a rare malignant neoplasm showing morphologic and immunohistochemical features of histiocytes. It is characterized typically by extranodal presentation and a poor clinical course, particularly in cases with disseminated disease.
This report documents a case of bifocal and aggressive HS in small bowel and lung revealed by acute peritonitis in a 63-year-old man.
Despite its rarity, we believe that the correct diagnosis of HS is crucial for clinical treatment and prognostic prediction.
The collection of additional cases of HS are important to obtain further progress in prognosis and guide treatment decisions.
•Histiocytic sarcoma is a rare malignant neoplasm showing morphologic and immunohistochemical features of histiocytes.•The diagnosis of histiocytic sarcoma can be extremely challenging because histologic overlap with diverse mimics.•Judicious application of immunohistochemical markers is crucial to confirm the diagnosis.•The collection and evaluation of additional cases are pivotal to obtain further progress in prognosis and guide treatment decisions.