Detection and molecular characterization of Babesia, Theileria, and Hepatozoon species in hard ticks collected from Kagoshima, the southern region in Japan

To reveal the distribution of tick-borne parasites, we established a novel nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system to detect the most common agents of tick-borne parasitic diseases, namely Babesia, Theileria, and Hepatozoon parasites. We collected host-seeking or animal-feeding ticks in Kagosh...

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Published in:	Ticks and tick-borne diseases Vol. 8; no. 4; pp. 581 - 587
Main Authors:	Masatani, Tatsunori, Hayashi, Kei, Andoh, Masako, Tateno, Morihiro, Endo, Yasuyuki, Asada, Masahito, Kusakisako, Kodai, Tanaka, Tetsuya, Gokuden, Mutsuyo, Hozumi, Nodoka, Nakadohzono, Fumiko, Matsuo, Tomohide
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands 01-06-2017
Subjects:	Animals Babesia - classification Babesia - genetics Babesia - isolation & purification Deer - parasitology Dogs - microbiology Eucoccidiida - classification Eucoccidiida - genetics Eucoccidiida - isolation & purification Female Ixodidae - growth & development Ixodidae - parasitology Japan Male Nymph - growth & development Nymph - parasitology Phylogeny Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary RNA, Protozoan - genetics RNA, Ribosomal, 18S - genetics Sequence Analysis, RNA - veterinary Sus scrofa - parasitology Theileria - classification Theileria - genetics Theileria - isolation & purification Hepatozoon Tick Theileria Japan Kagoshima Prefecture Babesia
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Abstract	To reveal the distribution of tick-borne parasites, we established a novel nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system to detect the most common agents of tick-borne parasitic diseases, namely Babesia, Theileria, and Hepatozoon parasites. We collected host-seeking or animal-feeding ticks in Kagoshima Prefecture, the southernmost region of Kyusyu Island in southwestern Japan. Twenty of the total of 776 tick samples displayed a specific band of the appropriate size (approximately 1.4-1.6kbp) for the 18S rRNA genes in the novel nested PCR (20/776: 2.58%). These PCR products have individual sequences of Babesia spp. (from 8 ticks), Theileria spp. (from 9 ticks: one tick sample including at least two Theileria spp. sequences), and Hepatozoon spp. (from 3 ticks). Phylogenetic analyses revealed that these sequences were close to those of undescribed Babesia spp. detected in feral raccoons in Japan (5 sequences; 3 sequences being identical), Babesia gibsoni-like parasites detected in pigs in China (3 sequences; all sequences being identical), Theileria spp. detected in sika deer in Japan and China (10 sequences; 2 sequences being identical), Hepatozoon canis (one sequence), and Hepatozoon spp. detected in Japanese martens in Japan (two sequences). In summary, we showed that various tick-borne parasites exist in Kagoshima, the southern region in Japan by using the novel nested PCR system. These including undescribed species such as Babesia gibsoni-like parasites previously detected in pigs in China. Importantly, our results revealed new combinations of ticks and protozoan parasites in southern Japan. The results of this study will aid in the recognition of potential parasitic animal diseases caused by tick-borne parasites.
AbstractList	To reveal the distribution of tick-borne parasites, we established a novel nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system to detect the most common agents of tick-borne parasitic diseases, namely Babesia, Theileria, and Hepatozoon parasites. We collected host-seeking or animal-feeding ticks in Kagoshima Prefecture, the southernmost region of Kyusyu Island in southwestern Japan. Twenty of the total of 776 tick samples displayed a specific band of the appropriate size (approximately 1.4-1.6kbp) for the 18S rRNA genes in the novel nested PCR (20/776: 2.58%). These PCR products have individual sequences of Babesia spp. (from 8 ticks), Theileria spp. (from 9 ticks: one tick sample including at least two Theileria spp. sequences), and Hepatozoon spp. (from 3 ticks). Phylogenetic analyses revealed that these sequences were close to those of undescribed Babesia spp. detected in feral raccoons in Japan (5 sequences; 3 sequences being identical), Babesia gibsoni-like parasites detected in pigs in China (3 sequences; all sequences being identical), Theileria spp. detected in sika deer in Japan and China (10 sequences; 2 sequences being identical), Hepatozoon canis (one sequence), and Hepatozoon spp. detected in Japanese martens in Japan (two sequences). In summary, we showed that various tick-borne parasites exist in Kagoshima, the southern region in Japan by using the novel nested PCR system. These including undescribed species such as Babesia gibsoni-like parasites previously detected in pigs in China. Importantly, our results revealed new combinations of ticks and protozoan parasites in southern Japan. The results of this study will aid in the recognition of potential parasitic animal diseases caused by tick-borne parasites.
Author	Hayashi, Kei Hozumi, Nodoka Nakadohzono, Fumiko Masatani, Tatsunori Kusakisako, Kodai Tateno, Morihiro Tanaka, Tetsuya Endo, Yasuyuki Gokuden, Mutsuyo Matsuo, Tomohide Andoh, Masako Asada, Masahito
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Tatsunori surname: Masatani fullname: Masatani, Tatsunori email: tatsunorimasatani@gmail.com organization: Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan. Electronic address: tatsunorimasatani@gmail.com – sequence: 2 givenname: Kei surname: Hayashi fullname: Hayashi, Kei organization: Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Japan; Department of Pathogenetic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan – sequence: 3 givenname: Masako surname: Andoh fullname: Andoh, Masako organization: Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan – sequence: 4 givenname: Morihiro surname: Tateno fullname: Tateno, Morihiro organization: Laboratory of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan – sequence: 5 givenname: Yasuyuki surname: Endo fullname: Endo, Yasuyuki organization: Laboratory of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan – sequence: 6 givenname: Masahito surname: Asada fullname: Asada, Masahito organization: Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan – sequence: 7 givenname: Kodai surname: Kusakisako fullname: Kusakisako, Kodai organization: Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan – sequence: 8 givenname: Tetsuya surname: Tanaka fullname: Tanaka, Tetsuya organization: Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan – sequence: 9 givenname: Mutsuyo surname: Gokuden fullname: Gokuden, Mutsuyo organization: Kagoshima Prefectural Institute for Environmental Research and Public Health, 11-40 Kinko-cho, Kagoshima 892-0835, Japan – sequence: 10 givenname: Nodoka surname: Hozumi fullname: Hozumi, Nodoka organization: Kagoshima Prefectural Institute for Environmental Research and Public Health, 11-40 Kinko-cho, Kagoshima 892-0835, Japan – sequence: 11 givenname: Fumiko surname: Nakadohzono fullname: Nakadohzono, Fumiko organization: Kagoshima Prefectural Institute for Environmental Research and Public Health, 11-40 Kinko-cho, Kagoshima 892-0835, Japan – sequence: 12 givenname: Tomohide surname: Matsuo fullname: Matsuo, Tomohide organization: Laboratory of Parasitology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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Snippet	To reveal the distribution of tick-borne parasites, we established a novel nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system to detect the most common agents of...
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SubjectTerms	Animals Babesia - classification Babesia - genetics Babesia - isolation & purification Deer - parasitology Dogs - microbiology Eucoccidiida - classification Eucoccidiida - genetics Eucoccidiida - isolation & purification Female Ixodidae - growth & development Ixodidae - parasitology Japan Male Nymph - growth & development Nymph - parasitology Phylogeny Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary RNA, Protozoan - genetics RNA, Ribosomal, 18S - genetics Sequence Analysis, RNA - veterinary Sus scrofa - parasitology Theileria - classification Theileria - genetics Theileria - isolation & purification
Title	Detection and molecular characterization of Babesia, Theileria, and Hepatozoon species in hard ticks collected from Kagoshima, the southern region in Japan
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