Effect of Dietary Moringa oleifera Leaves Nanoparticles on Growth Performance, Physiological, Immunological Responses, and Liver Antioxidant Biomarkers in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Toxicity

• Published in: Fishes Vol. 7; no. 6; p. 360
• Main Authors: Hamed, Heba S., Amen, Rehab M., Elelemi, Azza H, Mahboub, Heba H., Elabd, Hiam, Abdelfattah, Abdelfattah M., Moniem, Hebatallah Abdel, El-Beltagy, Marwa A., Alkafafy, Mohamed, Yassin, Engy Mohamed Mohamed, Ismail, Ayman K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-12-2022
• Subjects: Antioxidants; Aquaculture; Aquariums; Bioaccumulation; Biomarkers; Cholesterol; Creatinine; Diet; Dietary supplements; Fish; Growth rate; hemato-biochemical; Hormones; Immunoglobulin M; Immunology; Iron; Laboratories; Leaves; Liver; Lysozyme; Marine fishes; Moringa oleifera; Moringa oleifera leaves nanoparticles; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Oreochromis niloticus; oxidative damage; Physiology; Polyculture (aquaculture); Respiratory burst; Serum; Tilapia; Toxicity; Ultrasonic imaging; Urea; Whitefish; Zinc; Zinc oxide; Zinc oxides; ZnO-NPs toxicity; Mumbai India; Egypt; India
• ISSN: 2410-3888; 2410-3888
• DOI: 10.3390/fishes7060360

The current study addresses the influence of Moringa oleifera leaves nanoparticles (MO-NPs) on growth, biochemical, immunological, and hepatic antioxidant alterations induced by zinc oxide nanoparticles toxicity in Nile tilapia (O. niloticus). Fish (N = 180) were divided into four groups with replicates. The first one was set as a control group and the second group was fed an MO-NPs-enriched diet (2.5 g/kg diet). The third group was exposed to 8 mg/L ZnO-NPs, while the forth group was exposed to 8 mg/L ZnO-NPs and fed on MO-NPs (2.5 g/kg diet) for 2 months. Exposure of O. niloticus to 8 mg/L ZnO-NPs induced the following consequences: a sharp decrease in the growth parameters; a marked increment in the biochemical biomarkers (glucose, cortisol, and liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP); a significant increase in serum renal products, urea and creatinine, cholesterol, and LDH levels. Nonetheless, the dietary MO-NPs supplementation for 2 months significantly alleviated the ZnO-NPs toxicity and significantly enhanced the growth indices, plus normalizing the physio-biochemical levels in the exposed group to ZnO-NPs toxicity to reach the levels of the control group. The MO-NPs markedly improved hepatic antioxidant biomarkers, MDA, and TAC, while, decreasing SOD, CAT, and GSH levels to be near the control values. Moreover, supplemented fish in MO-NPs (2.5 g/kg diet) and exposed to ZnO-NPs provided a remarkable increase in the immune profile (respiratory burst (RB) activity, lysozyme, and total immunoglobulins (IgM)) compared to the ZnO-NPs-intoxicated group. Based on the findings of the study, the exposed O. niloticus to ZnO-NPs were immune-antioxidant-depressed, besides showing growth retardation, and physio-biochemical alterations. On the other hand, a supplemented diet with MO-NPs is a novel approach to ameliorate ZnO-NPs toxicity for sustaining aquaculture and correspondingly protecting human health.